Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي الرَّجُلِ إِذَا أَتَى أَهْلَهُ فَخَشِيَ أَنْ يُشَارِكَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ قَالَ يَقُولُ بِسْمِ اللهِ وَيَتَعَوَّذُ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “About the case of a man who when going to bed with his wife is afraid of Satan’s accompaniment, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that he should say, ‘In the name of Allah’ and seek protection with Allah against Satan.’” 

2- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ أَيَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ يَقُولُ الرَّجُلُ مِنْكُمْ إِذَا دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَيَسْتَطِيعُ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ يَقُولَ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ أَلا أُعَلِّمُكَ مَا تَقُولُ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ تَقُولُ بِكَلِمَاتِ اللهِ اسْتَحْلَلْتُ فَرْجَهَا وَفِي أَمَانَةِ اللهِ أَخَذْتُهَا اللهُمَّ إِنْ قَضَيْتَ لِي فِي رَحِمِهَا شَيْئاً فَاجْعَلْهُ بَارّاً تَقِيّاً وَاجْعَلْهُ مُسْلِماً سَوِيّاً وَلا تَجْعَلْ فِيهِ شِرْكاً لِلشَّيْطَانِ قُلْتُ وَبِأَيِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ يُعْرَفُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَمَا تَقْرَأُ كِتَابَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ثُمَّ ابْتَدَأَ هُوَ وَشارِكْهُمْ فِي الأمْوالِ وَالأوْلادِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لَيَجِي‏ءُ حَتَّى يَقْعُدَ مِنَ الْمَرْأَةِ كَمَا يَقْعُدُ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهَا وَيُحْدِثُ كَمَا يُحْدِثُ وَيَنْكِحُ كَمَا يَنْكِحُ قُلْتُ بِأَيِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ يُعْرَفُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ بِحُبِّنَا وَبُغْضِنَا فَمَنْ أَحَبَّنَا كَانَ نُطْفَةَ الْعَبْدِ وَمَنْ أَبْغَضَنَا كَانَ نُطْفَةَ الشَّيْطَانِ.

2. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad and A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from al-Washsha’ from Musa ibn Bakr from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once said to me, ‘O abu Muhammad, what does one of you say when his wife comes to him?’ I replied, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, can a man say anything?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Will you like if I teach you what to say?’ I replied, ‘Yes, please teach me.’ He (the Imam) said, say, ‘With the words of Allah I have made her private organs lawful and in trust of Allah I have taken her (in marriage). O Lord, if You have chosen for me in her womb anything, make it a virtuous, a pious and an upright Muslim and You must not make any share for Satan in him.’ I then asked, ‘By what means such share is found out?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Have you not read the book of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and he (the Imam) began to read, “. . . and make him share them in their wealth and children.” (17:64) He (the Imam) then said, ‘Satan comes and sits in relation to a woman like the man sits, speaks like a man does and goes to bed like a man does.’ I then asked, ‘By what means is it found out?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This is found out by means of one’s love for us and one’s hatred toward us. Whoever loves us is from the seed of the servant (of Allah) and whoever hates us is from the seed of Satan.’” 

3- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الأشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِذَا جَامَعَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللهِ وَبِاللهِ اللهُمَّ جَنِّبْنِي الشَّيْطَانَ وَجَنِّبِ الشَّيْطَانَ مَا رَزَقْتَنِي قَالَ فَإِنْ قَضَى اللهُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَداً لا يَضُرُّهُ الشَّيْطَانُ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ أَبَداً.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy from ibn al-Qaddah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, has said, ‘When one of you goes to bed with his wife he should say, “In the name of Allah, by the help of Allah, O Lord, keep Satan away from me and from what You have granted me.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If Allah decides to grant them a child Satan will never be able to harm the child.’” 

4- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ الْوَاسِطِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) جَالِساً فَذَكَرَ شِرْكَ الشَّيْطَانِ فَعَظَّمَهُ حَتَّى أَفْزَعَنِي قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَمَا الْمَخْرَجُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ الْجِمَاعَ فَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ الَّذِي لا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ بَدِيعُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضِ اللهُمَّ إِنْ قَضَيْتَ مِنِّي فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ خَلِيفَةً فَلا تَجْعَلْ لِلشَّيْطَانِ فِيهِ شِرْكاً وَلا نَصِيباً وَلا حَظّاً وَاجْعَلْهُ مُؤْمِناً مُخْلِصاً مُصَفًّى مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَرِجْزِهِ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُكَ.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Ali ibn Hassan al-Wasitiy from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Kathir who has said the following: “I once was with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He (the Imam) mentioned Satan and called him greatly dangerous so much so that it frightened me and I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what is the way out from it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When you decide to go to bed with your wife say, “In the name of Allah, most Beneficent, most Merciful, who is the only Lord, the one who deserves worship and has invented the skies and earth. O Lord, if You have decided for me a successor this night, do not allow a share in him for Satan, or a portion, or benefit. Make him a believer, a sincere one and clean of Satan and his filth, Glorious is Your praise.’” 

5- وَعَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ أَهْلَكَ فَأَيَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ تَقُولُ قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَأُطِيقُ أَنْ أَقُولَ شَيْئاً قَالَ بَلَى قُلِ اللهُمَّ بِكَلِمَاتِكَ اسْتَحْلَلْتُ فَرْجَهَا وَبِأَمَانَتِكَ أَخَذْتُهَا فَإِنْ قَضَيْتَ فِي رَحِمِهَا شَيْئاً فَاجْعَلْهُ تَقِيّاً زَكِيّاً وَلا تَجْعَلْ لِلشَّيْطَانِ فِيهِ شِرْكاً قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَيَكُونُ فِيهِ شِرْكٌ لِلشَّيْطَانِ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَمَا تَسْمَعُ قَوْلَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَشارِكْهُمْ فِي الأمْوالِ وَالأوْلادِ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَجِي‏ءُ فَيَقْعُدُ كَمَا يَقْعُدُ الرَّجُلُ وَيُنْزِلُ كَمَا يُنْزِلُ الرَّجُلُ قَالَ قُلْتُ بِأَيِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ يُعْرَفُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ بِحُبِّنَا وَبُغْضِنَا.

5. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from his father from Hamzah ibn ‘Abd Allah from Jamil ibn Darraj from abu al- Walid from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once said to me, ‘O abu Muhammad, what do you say when you go to bed with your wife?’ I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, can I say anything?’ He (the Imam) said, ’Yes, say, “O Lord, with Your words I have made her private organs lawful and in Your trust I have taken her (in marriage). If You have destined anything in her womb make it pious and clean and do not make any share in him for Satan.’” I then asked, ’I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, is there a share of Satan in it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, have you not heard the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, in His book, “. . . he shares them in their assets and children.” (17:64) Satan comes, sits as a man sits and comes down as a man does.’ I asked, ‘By what means is it found out?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is found out by means of love for us and hatred toward us.’” 

6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي النُّطْفَتَيْنِ اللَّتَيْنِ لِلآدَمِيِّ وَالشَّيْطَانِ إِذَا اشْتَرَكَا فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) رُبَّمَا خُلِقَ مِنْ أَحَدِهِمَا وَرُبَّمَا خُلِقَ مِنْهُمَا جَمِيعاً.   

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Hisham ibn Salim who has said the following: “About the case of the seeds which are from man and Satan when they share, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Perhaps it is created from one of them or perhaps from both of them together.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 3, Chapter 144