Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَأَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطاً مُخَالِفاً لِكِتَابِ اللهِ فَلا يَجُوزُ لَهُ وَلا يَجُوزُ عَلَى الَّذِي اشْتُرِطَ عَلَيْهِ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ فِيمَا وَافَقَ كِتَابَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ahmad ibn Muhammad from all from ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘If one forms a stipulation against the book of Allah, it is not permissible for him as well for the other party. However, the Muslims must stand by their stipulations which agree with the book of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious. 5 ” 

2- ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ الشَّرْطُ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ ثَلاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ لِلْمُشْتَرِي اشْتَرَطَ أَمْ لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ فَإِنْ أَحْدَثَ الْمُشْتَرِي فِيمَا اشْتَرَى حَدَثاً قَبْلَ الثَّلاثَةِ الأيَّامِ فَذَلِكَ رِضًا مِنْهُ فَلا شَرْطَ قِيلَ لَهُ وَمَا الْحَدَثُ قَالَ أَنْ لامَسَ أَوْ قَبَّلَ أَوْ نَظَرَ مِنْهَا إِلَى مَا كَانَ يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ قَبْلَ الشِّرَاءِ.

2. Ibn Mahbub has narrated from Ali ibn Ri’ab who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A stipulation, the right and choice to return a merchandise, in the case of an animal is applicable only up to three days in favor of the buyer, regardless he has formed any stipulation or not. If the buyer Ahdatha (does something to the animal) before the passing of three days, it is his agreement and acceptance of what he has purchased and it is the end of stipulation . 5 Someone asked, ‘What is Ahdatha ?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘It means such as his touching, kissing or looking to what is not lawful for him to look at before buying . 555 

3- ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الدَّابَّةَ أَوِ الْعَبْدَ وَيَشْتَرِطُ إِلَى يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ فَيَمُوتُ الْعَبْدُ أَوِ الدَّابَّةُ أَوْ يَحْدُثُ فِيهِ حَدَثٌ عَلَى مَنْ ضَمَانُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ عَلَى الْبَائِعِ حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ الشَّرْطُ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَيَصِيرَ الْمَبِيعُ لِلْمُشْتَرِي.

3. Ibn Mahbub has narrated from ibn Sinan who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who buys an animal or a slave and sets condition good for one or two days; then the slave or animal dies or Ahdatha (does something to it). Who then is responsible for this ? 5 He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is on the seller until the time of stipulation of three days expires. Thereafter it belongs to the buyer . 555 

4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ وَابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ حَتَّى يَفْتَرِقَا وَصَاحِبُ الْحَيَوَانِ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ قُلْتُ الرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي مِنَ الرَّجُلِ الْمَتَاعَ ثُمَّ يَدَعُهُ عِنْدَهُ وَيَقُولُ حَتَّى نَأْتِيَكَ بِثَمَنِهِ قَالَ إِنْ جَاءَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ ثَلاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَإِلا فَلا بَيْعَ لَهُ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil and ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.). saying, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, “The buyer and the seller each has the choice to dismiss a contract before they depart each other. In a deal for animals it is for three days . 55 5 I then asked, ‘What happens if a man buys something from another man and leaves it with the seller to keep until his return with the purchase price ? 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘If he returns within three days the contract is valid, otherwise, there is no deal . 555 

5- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ حَتَّى يَفْتَرِقَا وَصَاحِبُ الْحَيَوَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ.

5. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Both buyer and seller, each one of them, has the choice to dismiss a deal before they depart each other; and in a deal for an animal the choice to return the merchandise remains for three days . 555 

6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ فُضَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا الشَّرْطُ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ فَقَالَ إِلَى ثَلاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ لِلْمُشْتَرِي قُلْتُ فَمَا الشَّرْطُ فِي غَيْرِ الْحَيَوَانِ قَالَ الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَفْتَرِقَا فَإِذَا افْتَرَقَا فَلا خِيَارَ بَعْدَ الرِّضَا مِنْهُمَا.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Jamil from Fudayl who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘What is a stipulation in a deal for animals ? 5 He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is valid for three days in favor of a buyer . 5 I then asked, ‘What is it in a deal for non-animal ? 5 He (the Imam) replied, ‘A buyer and a seller have the choice to dismiss a deal until they depart each other. After their departing each other there is no choice after their agreement.’” 

7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ بَيْعاً فَهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ حَتَّى يَفْتَرِقَا فَإِذَا افْتَرَقَا وَجَبَ الْبَيْعُ قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِنَّ أَبِي اشْتَرَى أَرْضاً يُقَالُ لَهَا الْعُرَيْضُ فَابْتَاعَهَا مِنْ صَاحِبِهَا بِدَنَانِيرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أُعْطِيكَ وَرِقاً بِكُلِّ دِينَارٍ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ فَبَاعَهُ بِهَا فَقَامَ أَبِي فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَتِ لِمَ قُمْتَ سَرِيعاً قَالَ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَجِبَ الْبَيْعُ.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from af-Hafabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man buys something from another man, he has the choice to dismiss the deal before they depart each other. When they depart the deal becomes binding.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘My father once purchased a piece of land called “al-‘Arid”. He purchased it for a few dinars and said to the seller. “I will give you a leaf (silver) for every dinar ten dirhams.” He purchased it and moved. I followed him and asked, “O father, why did you move so quickly?” He (the Imam) replied, “I wanted the transaction to become binding.’”” 

8- عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ بَايَعْتُ رَجُلا فَلَمَّا بَايَعْتُهُ قُمْتُ فَمَشَيْتُ خِطَاءً ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ إِلَى مَجْلِسِي لِيَجِبَ الْبَيْعُ حِينَ افْتَرَقْنَا.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from abu Ayyub from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), saying, ‘I once purchased something from someone; then I got up and walked a few steps, then returned to the meeting place so that the deal becomes binding.’” 

9- حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى أَمَةً بِشَرْطٍ مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَوْماً أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ فَمَاتَتْ عِنْدَهُ وَقَدْ قَطَعَ الثَّمَنَ عَلَى مَنْ يَكُونُ الضَّمَانُ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِي اشْتَرَى ضَمَانٌ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ بِشَرْطِهِ.

9. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah, who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who purchases a slave-girl from another man with a stipulation for one or two days and she dies with him and the price is paid. Who is responsible?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘There is no responsibility on the buyer until the time of stipulation expires.’” 

10- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَأَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ احْتَاجَ إِلَى بَيْعِ دَارِهِ فَمَشَى إِلَى أَخِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِيعُكَ دَارِي هَذِهِ وَتَكُونُ لَكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لِغَيْرِكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَشْتَرِطَ لِي إِنْ أَنَا جِئْتُكَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ أَنْ تَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهَذَا إِنْ جَاءَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ رَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتْ فِيهَا غَلَّةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فَأَخَذَ الْغَلَّةَ لِمَنْ تَكُونُ فَقَالَ الْغَلَّةُ لِلْمُشْتَرِي أَلا تَرَى أَنَّهُ لَوِ احْتَرَقَتْ لَكَانَتْ مِنْ مَالِهِ.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Safwan from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “One who had heard from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), informed me saying, ‘A man asked the Imam (a.s.), when I was present. A Muslim man needed to sell his house and he went to his brother and said. “I want to sell this house to you because I like it to be with you instead of being with others, with one condition that if within a year I come back with money to pay you, return it back to me.’” He replied, ‘I agree. If you come back with payment within a year I will give it back to you.’ I further said, ‘This house had a certain amount of income. Who then can have the income?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Income belongs to the buyer; were it (the house) to burn down it would come from his property.’” 

11- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ الرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي مِنَ الرَّجُلِ الْمَتَاعَ ثُمَّ يَدَعُهُ عِنْدَهُ يَقُولُ حَتَّى آتِيَكَ بِثَمَنِهِ قَالَ إِنْ جَاءَ بِثَمَنِهِ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ ثَلاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَإِلا فَلا بَيْعَ لَهُ.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Hadid from Jamil from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who purchases something from a man and leaves it with him saying, ‘I will come back with payment.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If he comes back with payment within three days the transaction is valid, otherwise, it is not valid.’” 

12- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ هِلالٍ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مَتَاعاً مِنْ رَجُلٍ وَأَوْجَبَهُ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ تَرَكَ الْمَتَاعَ عِنْدَهُ وَلَمْ يَقْبِضْهُ قَالَ آتِيكَ غَداً إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَسُرِقَ الْمَتَاعُ مِنْ مَالِ مَنْ يَكُونُ قَالَ مِنْ مَالِ صَاحِبِ الْمَتَاعِ الَّذِي هُوَ فِي بَيْتِهِ حَتَّى يُقَبِّضَ الْمَتَاعَ وَيُخْرِجَهُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ فَإِذَا أَخْرَجَهُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ فَالْمُبْتَاعُ ضَامِنٌ لِحَقِّهِ حَتَّى يَرُدَّ مَالَهُ إِلَيْهِ.

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Hilal from ‘Uqbah ibn abu Khalid who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who purchases something from a man and makes a binding deal and then leaving the merchandise with him without taking possession saying, Tomorrow, by the will of Allah, I will come back.’ Someone steals the merchandise. Whose property is it considered? He (the Imam) replied It is the property of the seller until the buyer takes possession and it is taken away from the seller’s house. When this happens the buyer is responsible until he returns it back to the seller.’” 

13- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ عُهْدَةُ الْبَيْعِ فِي الرَّقِيقِ ثَلاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ إِنْ كَانَ بِهَا خَبَلٌ أَوْ بَرَصٌ أَوْ نَحْوُ هَذَا وَعُهْدَتُهُ السَّنَةُ مِنَ الْجُنُونِ فَمَا بَعْدَ السَّنَةِ فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ.

13. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘In the case of slaves the deal becomes binding after three days. If slaves may have certain defects such as mental condition, leprosy and so on. It becomes binding after one year if the defect is insanity. After one year the choice does not remain of any effect.’” 

14- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِنَّا نُخَالِطُ أُنَاساً مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّوَادِ وَغَيْرِهِمْ فَنَبِيعُهُمْ وَنَرْبَحُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَشَرَةَ اثْنَا عَشَرَ وَالْعَشَرَةَ ثَلاثَةَ عَشَرَ وَنُؤَخِّرُ ذَلِكَ فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ السَّنَةَ وَنَحْوَهَا وَيَكْتُبُ لَنَا الرَّجُلُ عَلَى دَارِهِ أَوْ أَرْضِهِ بِذَلِكَ الْمَالِ الَّذِي فِيهِ الْفَضْلُ الَّذِي أَخَذَ مِنَّا شِرَاءً وَقَدْ بَاعَ وَقَبَضَ الثَّمَنَ مِنْهُ فَنَعِدُهُ إِنْ هُوَ جَاءَ بِالْمَالِ إِلَى وَقْتٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ أَنْ نَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ الشِّرَاءَ فَإِنْ جَاءَ الْوَقْتُ وَلَمْ يَأْتِنَا بِالدَّرَاهِمِ فَهُوَ لَنَا فَمَا تَرَى فِي ذَلِكَ الشِّرَاءِ قَالَ أَرَى أَنَّهُ لَكَ إِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ وَإِنْ جَاءَ بِالْمَالِ لِلْوَقْتِ فَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ.

14. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from Sa‘id ibn Yasar who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘We meet people who live in tents far from cities and others. We sell to them certain things and make profit like ten, twelve or thirteen and for a payment after a year and so on. The buyer writes for us to leave his house or land if he did not come with payment. He has taken possession and purchase is finalized. We then wait. If he came with payment within the set time his things are returned to him and if he did not come within the set time with payment we take his things. What do you say about it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I say that if he did not come with payment within the set time his things become yours but if he comes within the set time you must return his things to him.’” 

15- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ أَوْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الشَّيْ‏ءَ الَّذِي يَفْسُدُ فِي يَوْمِهِ وَيَتْرُكُهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ بِالثَّمَنِ قَالَ إِنْ جَاءَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ اللَّيْلِ بِالثَّمَنِ وَإِلا فَلا بَيْعَ لَهُ.

15. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from mad from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah or others from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “About the case of a man who buys something which is perishable the same day and leaves it with the seller to bring payment, abu ‘Abd Allah, or abu al-Hassan (a.s.), has said, ‘If he brings payment from that time until night falls the transaction is valid, otherwise, he has no deal.’” 

16- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ اشْتَرَيْتُ مَحْمِلا فَأَعْطَيْتُ بَعْضَ ثَمَنِهِ وَتَرَكْتُهُ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهِ ثُمَّ احْتَبَسْتُ أَيَّاماً ثُمَّ جِئْتُ إِلَى بَائِعِ الْمَحْمِلِ لآخُذَهُ فَقَالَ قَدْ بِعْتُهُ فَضَحِكْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لا وَاللهِ لا أَدَعُكَ أَوْ أُقَاضِيَكَ فَقَالَ لِي تَرْضَى بِأَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَأَتَيْنَاهُ فَقَصَصْنَا عَلَيْهِ قِصَّتَنَا فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِقَوْلِ مَنْ تُحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْضِيَ بَيْنَكُمَا أَبِقَوْلِ صَاحِبِكَ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ بِقَوْلِ صَاحِبِي قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَنِ اشْتَرَى شَيْئاً فَجَاءَ بِالثَّمَنِ فِي مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ ثَلاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَإِلا فَلا بَيْعَ لَهُ.

16. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Hassan ibn Al-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn al- Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once purchased a carriage and paid a certain amount of the price, then left it with the seller. I remained engaged for several days then went to the seller to take possession. He said, ‘I have sold it.’ I laughed and said, ‘By Allah, I will not allow you to do this without asking for a judgment.’ He said, ‘Will you agree to go for judgment before abu Bakr ibn ‘Ayyash?’ I replied, ‘Yes, I agree.’ We went to him and told him about our stories. Abu Bakr asked, ‘On the basis of whose words you want me to decide?’ He (the narrator) has said that I asked him to decide on the basis of the words of my companion (Imam).’ He said, ‘I heard him (Imam) say, “If one brings payment within three days the deal is valid, otherwise, there is no deal in his favor.’” 

17- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَضَى فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى ثَوْباً بِشَرْطٍ إِلَى نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ فَعَرَضَ لَهُ رِبْحٌ فَأَرَادَ بَيْعَهُ قَالَ لِيُشْهِدْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ رَضِيَهُ فَاسْتَوْجَبَهُ ثُمَّ لْيَبِعْهُ إِنْ شَاءَ فَإِنْ أَقَامَهُ فِي السُّوقِ وَلَمْ يَبِعْ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ. 

17. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), once issued the following judgment: A man had purchased a dress with a stipulation to pay until midday. The buyer was offered profit and he wanted to sell. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must present testimony to prove that the seller agreed and the deal was binding, then he can sell it if he so wants. If he displays it in the market without selling, it makes the transaction binding.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 2, Chapter 70