 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُ عَنِ الْبَالُوعَةِ تَكُونُ فَوْقَ الْبِئْرِ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَتْ فَوْقَ الْبِئْرِ فَسَبْعَةُ أَذْرُعٍ وَإِذَا كَانَتْ أَسْفَلَ مِنَ الْبِئْرِ فَخَمْسَةُ أَذْرُعٍ مِنْ كُلِّ نَاحِيَةٍ وَذَلِكَ كَثِيرٌ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from al-Hassan ibn Ribat who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a cesspool which is above a well. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is above the well, the distance in between must be seven yards, but if it is below the well, the distance must be five yards from all sides, and that is a large area.” 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَأَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالُوا قُلْنَا لَهُ بِئْرٌ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا يَجْرِي الْبَوْلُ قَرِيباً مِنْهَا أَ يُنَجِّسُهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْبِئْرُ فِي أَعْلَى الْوَادِي وَالْوَادِي يَجْرِي فِيهِ الْبَوْلُ مِنْ تَحْتِهَا وَكَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَدْرُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَذْرُعٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةِ أَذْرُعٍ لَمْ يُنَجِّسْ ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ يُنَجِّسُهَا وَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْبِئْرُ فِي أَسْفَلِ الْوَادِي وَيَمُرُّ الْمَاءُ عَلَيْهَا وَكَانَ بَيْنَ الْبِئْرِ وَبَيْنَهُ تِسْعَةُ أَذْرُعٍ لَمْ يُنَجِّسْهَا وَمَا كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلاَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ قَالَ زُرَارَةُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَجْرَى الْبَوْلِ بِلِزْقِهَا وَكَانَ لاَ يَثْبُتُ عَلَى الأرْضِ فَقَالَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ قَرَارٌ فَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ وَإِنِ اسْتَقَرَّ مِنْهُ قَلِيلٌ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَثْقُبُ الأرْضَ وَلاَ قَعْرَ لَهُ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْبِئْرَ وَلَيْسَ عَلَى الْبِئْرِ مِنْهُ بَأْسٌ فَيُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ إِذَا اسْتَنْقَعَ كُلُّهُ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah, Muhammad ibn Muslim and abu Basir who have said the following: “We once asked him (abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) ,) about a well which is used for Wudu’ and nearby urine flows. ‘Is such a well Najis (unclean)? He (the Imam) replied, ‘If the well is above the place where urine flows below the well and there is a distance of three or four yards in between, it does not make anything of the well Najis (unclean) but if the distance is less than this, the well becomes Najis (unclean). If the well is below the place where water (urine) flows and there is a distance of nine yards between them it does not make the well Najis (unclean). If the distance is less than this then it cannot be used for Wudu’ Zurarah then asked, ‘What happens if the place is steep and urine flows fast and is not stationary on the ground?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is not stationary it is not harmful, and even if a little of it is stationary, it does not make a deep hole in the ground to reach the well and it is not harmful to the well, thus it can be used for Wudu’. It is harmful to the well only when all of it (urine) is absorbed in the ground.’” 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ السَّرَّاجِ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ قُدَامَةَ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ الْحَمَّارِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ كَمْ أَدْنَى مَا يَكُونُ بَيْنَ الْبِئْرِ بِئْرِ الْمَاءِ وَالْبَالُوعَةِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ سَهْلاً فَسَبْعَةُ أَذْرُعٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ جَبَلاً فَخَمْسَةُ أَذْرُعٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْمَاءُ يَجْرِي إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ إِلَى يَمِينٍ وَيَجْرِي عَنْ يَمِينِ الْقِبْلَةِ إِلَى يَسَارِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَيَجْرِي عَنْ يَسَارِ الْقِبْلَةِ إِلَى يَمِينِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَلاَ يَجْرِي مِنَ الْقِبْلَةِ إِلَى دُبُرِ الْقِبْلَةِ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from abu ’Isma‘il from al-Sarraj from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Uthman from Qudamah ibn abu Yazid al-Hammar from certain persons of our people who have said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the distance needed between a well and a cesspool. He (the Imam) replied, ‘If the ground is plain, the distance must be seven yards; and if it is a hillside the distance must be five yards.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Water flows forward in direction, to the right or to the left or from its left side to its right side (in) forward direction but it does not flow backward.’” 

4ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي الْبِئْرِ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْكَنِيفِ خَمْسَةُ أَذْرُعٍ أَوْ أَقَلُّ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا قَالَ لَيْسَ يُكْرَهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ وَلاَ بُعْدٍ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا وَيُغْتَسَلُ مَا لَمْ يَتَغَيَّرِ الْمَاءُ. 

4. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from ‘Abbad ibn Sulayman from Sa‘d ibn Sa‘d from Muhammad ibn al- Qasim who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a well which is five yards or more or less away from a cesspool. Can it be used for Wudu’? He (the Imam) said, ‘Shortness or length of distance does not matter. It can be used for Wudu’ or Ghusl (bath) if the water has not changed.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 1, Chapter 5