Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاشَانِيِّ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَائِذٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ النَّاسُ فِي الزَّمَنِ الأوَّلِ إِذَا وَجَدُوا شَيْئاً فَأَخَذُوهُ احْتَبَسَ فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يَخْطُوَ حَتَّى يَرْمِيَ بِهِ فَيَجِي‏ءَ طَالِبُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَيَأْخُذَهُ وَإِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدِ اجْتَرَءُوا عَلَى مَا هُوَ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَسَيَعُودُ كَمَا كَانَ.

1. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn Muhammad al-Qashaniy from Salih ibn abu Hammad all from al-Washsha’ from Ahmad ibn ‘ A’idh from abu Khadijah, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘In the beginning of time when people found something and took it this (act) caused them to lose the ability to move even one step until they threw away what they had found. The rightful owner then came to pick it up. People became daring to greater wrong acts but it will in a certain time come back again.”’ 

2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي اللُّقَطَةِ يُعَرِّفُهَا سَنَةً ثُمَّ هِيَ كَسَائِرِ مَالِهِ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Dawud ibn Sarhan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that one who finds something of value must (continue to) announce his finding for one year. Thereafter it becomes like the rest of his property.” (Consult fatwa also) 

3- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَأَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) رَجُلٌ وَجَدَ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ دِينَاراً قَالَ يَدْخُلُ مَنْزِلَهُ غَيْرُهُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ كَثِيرٌ قَالَ هَذَا لُقَطَةٌ قُلْتُ فَرَجُلٌ وَجَدَ فِي صُنْدُوقِهِ دِينَاراً قَالَ يُدْخِلُ أَحَدٌ يَدَهُ فِي صُنْدُوقِهِ غَيْرُهُ أَوْ يَضَعُ غَيْرُهُ فِيهِ شَيْئاً قُلْتُ لا قَالَ فَهُوَ لَهُ.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ahmad ibn Muhammad from all from ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has found a dinar in his house. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Does anyone else enter his house?’ I (the narrator) replied, ‘Yes, many people enter his house.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This is a case of lost and found property.’ I (the narrator) then asked about the case of a man who has found a dinar in his box. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Does anyone besides him enter his hand in his box?’ I (the narrator) replied, ‘No, no one else does so.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It then is for him.’” 

4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اللُّقَطَةِ قَالَ تُعَرَّفُ سَنَةً قَلِيلا كَانَ أَوْ كَثِيراً قَالَ وَمَا كَانَ دُونَ الدِّرْهَمِ فَلا يُعَرَّفُ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about lost property found. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must (continue to) announce your finding in public for one year, regardless of its quantity - whether small or a large quantity.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘If it is less than a dirham one does not need to make any announcements.’” 

5- عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الدَّارِ يُوجَدُ فِيهَا الْوَرِقُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَعْمُورَةً فِيهَا أَهْلُهَا فَهُوَ لَهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ خَرِبَةً قَدْ جَلا عَنْهَا أَهْلُهَا فَالَّذِي وَجَدَ الْمَالَ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ.

5. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub al-‘ Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a house wherein certain leaves (coins of silver) are found. He (the Imam) replied, ‘If it is livable and the dwellers live therein, it belongs to them; but if it is not livable, whose inhabitants have abandoned it, then it is for the one who has found it.’” 

6- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْجُعْفِيِّ قَالَ خَرَجْتُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَأَنَا مِنْ أَشَدِّ النَّاسِ حَالا فَشَكَوْتُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَلَمَّا خَرَجْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَجَدْتُ عَلَى بَابِهِ كِيساً فِيهِ سَبْعُمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ فَوْرِي ذَلِكَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ يَا سَعِيدُ اتَّقِ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَعَرِّفْهُ فِي الْمَشَاهِدِ وَكُنْتُ رَجَوْتُ أَنْ يُرَخِّصَ لِي فِيهِ فَخَرَجْتُ وَأَنَا مُغْتَمٌّ فَأَتَيْتُ مِنًى وَتَنَحَّيْتُ عَنِ النَّاسِ وَتَقَصَّيْتُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ الْمَوْقُوفَةَ فَنَزَلْتُ فِي بَيْتٍ مُتَنَحِّياً عَنِ النَّاسِ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ مَنْ يَعْرِفُ الْكِيسَ قَالَ فَأَوَّلُ صَوْتٍ صَوَّتُّهُ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ عَلَى رَأْسِي يَقُولُ أَنَا صَاحِبُ الْكِيسِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي أَنْتَ فَلا كُنْتَ قُلْتُ مَا عَلامَةُ الْكِيسِ فَأَخْبَرَنِي بِعَلامَتِهِ فَدَفَعْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَتَنَحَّى نَاحِيَةً فَعَدَّهَا فَإِذَا الدَّنَانِيرُ عَلَى حَالِهَا ثُمَّ عَدَّ مِنْهَا سَبْعِينَ دِينَاراً فَقَالَ خُذْهَا حَلالا خَيْرٌ مِنْ سَبْعِمِائَةٍ حَرَاماً فَأَخَذْتُهَا ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ كَيْفَ تَنَحَّيْتُ وَكَيْفَ صَنَعْتُ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّكَ حِينَ شَكَوْتَ إِلَيَّ أَمَرْنَا لَكَ بِثَلاثِينَ دِينَاراً يَا جَارِيَةُ هَاتِيهَا فَأَخَذْتُهَا وَأَنَا مِنْ أَحْسَنِ قَوْمِي حَالا.

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Hajjal from Tha’labah ibn Maymun from Sa‘id ibn ‘Amr al-Ju’fiy who has said the following: “I once left for Makkah and my financial condition was the worst among people. I mentioned to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). When I left his meeting at the door I found a bag with seven hundred dinar in it. I immediately returned to the Imam and informed him about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘Sa‘id, be pious before Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious. You must announce your finding in all the places (Mashahid) where people perform the acts of Hajj.’ I had a degree of hope about Imam’s permission for me to use some of that money. I then left and I was sad. I went to Mina and moved far from people, searched around and ended up to the places endowed for the benefit of people. I found a room away from people and then announced, ‘I have found a bag. Whoever has lost it must give proper description and collect it from me.’ As soon as I made the announcement a man stood over my head saying, ‘I am the owner of the bag/ I (the narrator) said to myself I wish you had not said it. I then asked, ‘What is the description of the bag?’ He gave me the exact description and I gave it to him.’ He moved to one side and counted them and found it to be the same amount. He then counted seventy dinars and said, ‘Take this lawful money; it is better than seven hundred unlawful dinars.’ I took them and visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and informed him of the story in details. He (the Imam) said, ‘When you complained before me about your condition I ordered to keep aside thirty dinars for you. O girl, bring for him those dinars.’ I took them and was of the best financial condition in my people.’” 

7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ إِنِّي قَدْ أَصَبْتُ مَالا وَإِنِّي قَدْ خِفْتُ فِيهِ عَلَى نَفْسِي فَلَوْ أَصَبْتُ صَاحِبَهُ دَفَعْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ وَتَخَلَّصْتُ مِنْهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَاللهِ إِنْ لَوْ أَصَبْتَهُ كُنْتَ تَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ إِي وَاللهِ قَالَ فَأَنَا وَاللهِ مَا لَهُ صَاحِبٌ غَيْرِي قَالَ فَاسْتَحْلَفَهُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى مَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ قَالَ فَحَلَفَ قَالَ فَاذْهَبْ فَاقْسِمْهُ فِي إِخْوَانِكَ وَلَكَ الأمْنُ مِمَّا خِفْتَ مِنْهُ قَالَ فَقَسَمْتُهُ بَيْنَ إِخْوَانِي.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Musa ibn ‘Umar from al-Hajjal from Dawud ibn abu Yazid who has said the following: “Once a man said, ‘I have found a certain amount of property and because of it I am afraid for myself. I wish to find the owner to free myself of this difficulty. He (the narrator) has said, that abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked him, ‘Will you, by Allah, on finding the owner give it to him?’ He replied, ‘Yes, by Allah, I will do so.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I am the one. By Allah, it has no owner besides me.’ He (the Imam) made him to take an oath to do with what he has found as he (the Imam) commands him to do. He took an oath and he (the Imam) commanded him to distribute it among his brothers, saying, ‘You will be safe from what you are afraid of.’ He has said, ‘I distributed it among my brothers.’” (Consult fatwa about this Hadith) 

8- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي الْعَلاءِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) رَجُلٌ وَجَدَ مَالا فَعَرَّفَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا مَضَتِ السَّنَةُ اشْتَرَى بِهِ خَادِماً فَجَاءَ طَالِبُ الْمَالِ فَوَجَدَ الْجَارِيَةَ الَّتِي اشْتُرِيَتْ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ هِيَ ابْنَتَهُ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ إِلا دَرَاهِمَهُ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ الابْنَةُ إِنَّمَا لَهُ رَأْسُ مَالِهِ وَإِنَّمَا كَانَتِ ابْنَتُهُ مَمْلُوكَةَ قَوْمٍ.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from certain persons of our people from abu al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘A man found a certain amount of goods and he announced about it in public for one year. He then bought a slave-girl. A man then claiming to be the owner came to him and found the slave-girl who was purchased with that money to be his daughter.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He is entitled to take the dirhams but not the slave- girl. The money belongs to him but his daughter is the slave-girl of other people.’” 

9- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى جَزُوراً أَوْ بَقَرَةً لِلأضَاحِيِّ فَلَمَّا ذَبَحَهَا وَجَدَ فِي جَوْفِهَا صُرَّةٌ فِيهَا دَرَاهِمُ أَوْ دَنَانِيرُ أَوْ جَوْهَرَةٌ لِمَنْ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ فَوَقَّعَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَرِّفْهَا الْبَائِعَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَعْرِفُهَا فَالشَّيْ‏ءُ لَكَ رَزَقَكَ اللهُ إِيَّاهُ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Ja’far who has said the following: “I once wrote to the man (a.s.), and asked him about the case of a man who had bought camels or cows for sacrificial offering. When he slaughtered, he found a bag of dinar or diamond inside the animal. To whom this found property belong?’ He (the Imam) (a.s.), wrote back to me, ‘He must announce it before the seller and if he did not know about it, then whatever is found is what Allah has granted to him.’” 

10- عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ مَنْ وَجَدَ شَيْئاً فَهُوَ لَهُ فَلْيَتَمَتَّعْ بِهِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ طَالِبُهُ فَإِذَا جَاءَ طَالِبُهُ رَدَّهُ إِلَيْهِ.

10. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ibrahim ibn Ishaq from ‘Abd Allah ibn Hammad from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Whoever finds something it is for him to benefit thereby until the owner comes. He then must give it to the owner.” (Consult Fatwa also.) 

11- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اللُّقَطَةِ فَقَالَ لا تَرْفَعْهَا فَإِنِ ابْتُلِيتَ بِهَا فَعَرِّفْهَا سَنَةً فَإِنْ جَاءَ طَالِبُهَا وَإِلا فَاجْعَلْهَا فِي عُرْضِ مَالِكَ تُجْرِي عَلَيْهَا مَا تُجْرِي عَلَى مَالِكَ حَتَّى يَجِي‏ءَ لَهَا طَالِبٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِئْ لَهَا طَالِبٌ فَأَوْصِ بِهَا فِي وَصِيَّتِكَ.

11. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about lost property found. He (the Imam) said, ’He must not pick it up, and if he did so, it becomes his responsibility to announce for it up to one year. If the owner did not come forward, it then becomes subject to what his other properties are until someone searching for it comes forward; and if no one came forward he must make a will about it.’” 

12- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ شَاةً فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) هِيَ لَكَ أَوْ لأخِيكَ أَوْ لِلذِّئْبِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ بَعِيراً فَقَالَ مَعَهُ حِذَاؤُهُ وَسِقَاؤُهُ حِذَاؤُهُ خُفُّهُ وَسِقَاؤُهُ كَرِشُهُ فَلا تَهِجْهُ.

12. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim , who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once someone came to the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, saying, ‘I have found a sheep.’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘It is for you or your brother or a wolf.’ He then said, T have found a camel.’ The Messenger of Allah asked, ’Does it have its shoes and water container? Nevertheless, take notice, its shoes are its feet and its water container is its hump. You must not bother the camel.’” (Consult fatwa also.) 

13- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ مَنْ أَصَابَ مَالا أَوْ بَعِيراً فِي فَلاةٍ مِنَ الأرْضِ قَدْ كَلَّتْ وَقَامَتْ وَسَيَّبَهَا صَاحِبُهَا مِمَّا لَمْ يَتْبَعْهُ فَأَخَذَهَا غَيْرُهُ فَأَقَامَ عَلَيْهَا وَأَنْفَقَ نَفَقَةً حَتَّى أَحْيَاهَا مِنَ الْكَلالِ وَمِنَ الْمَوْتِ فَهِيَ لَهُ وَلا سَبِيلَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا وَإِنَّمَا هِيَ مِثْلُ الشَّيْ‏ءِ الْمُبَاحِ.

13. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from and Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from ‘ Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one finds a certain amount of goods, or a camel in wilderness which has become tired has stopped walking and its owner has abandoned it; someone other than the owner then takes it, tends to it and incurs expenses to revive it from tiredness and death; it then is for him. He (the owner) has no reason to claim it. It then is like a lawful thing for him (the finder).”’ 

14- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَضَى فِي رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ دَابَّتَهُ مِنْ جَهْدٍ قَالَ إِنْ تَرَكَهَا فِي كَلإ وَمَاءٍ وَأَمْنٍ فَهِيَ لَهُ يَأْخُذُهَا حَيْثُ أَصَابَهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ تَرَكَهَا فِي خَوْفٍ وَعَلَى غَيْرِ مَاءٍ وَلا كَلإ فَهِيَ لِمَنْ أَصَابَهَا.

14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn Mughirah from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), issued a judgment about the animal of a man who had abandoned it as follows: ‘If he has left it near water, and proper and safe pasture it is for him. He takes it wherever he finds it. If he has left it in an unsafe place, without water and pasture, it then is for the one who finds it.’” 

15- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِلُقَطَةِ الْعَصَا وَالشِّظَاظِ وَالْوَتِدِ وَالْحَبْلِ وَالْعِقَالِ وَأَشْبَاهِهِ قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لَيْسَ لِهَذَا طَالِبٌ.

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘There is no offense in picking up a stick, pieces of wood used in the saddle of camels, stage, ropes, and harnesses and similar items. He (the Imam) then said, ‘Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, “Such things are not wanted items.’”” (Consult fatwa also.) 

16- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ عَنِ الأصَمِّ عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي الدَّابَّةِ إِذَا سَرَّحَهَا أَهْلُهَا أَوْ عَجَزُوا عَنْ عَلَفِهَا أَوْ نَفَقَتِهَا فَهِيَ لِلَّذِي أَحْيَاهَا قَالَ وَقَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ دَابَّتَهُ فِي مَضِيعَةٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ تَرَكَهَا فِي كَلإ وَمَاءٍ وَأَمْنٍ فَهِيَ لَهُ يَأْخُذُهَا مَتَى شَاءَ وَإِنْ تَرَكَهَا فِي غَيْرِ كَلإ وَلا مَاءٍ فَهِيَ لِمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا.

16. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan al-Shammun from al-Asamm from Misma’ who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘If a horse is released by its owner or if he is not able to feed it or pay its expenses, it then is for one who revives it.’ He (the Imam) has said, ‘Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), issued a judgment about the case of a man who had left his horse in an unsafe place. The judgment said, “If he has left it in a safe place with water and pasture, it is for him whenever he wants; but if he has left it in an unsafe place without water and pasture then it is for the one who has revived it.’”” 

17- سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ مَنْ وَجَدَ ضَالَّةً فَلَمْ يُعَرِّفْهَا ثُمَّ وُجِدَتْ عِنْدَهُ فَإِنَّهَا لِرَبِّهَا وَمِثْلَهَا مِنْ مَالِ الَّذِي كَتَمَهَا. 

17. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Mahbub from Safwan al-Jammal who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘One who finds a lost animal but does not announce in public what he has found and then it is found by the owner, it then is for the care-taker (owner) or its kind (current value) from the assets of the one who has kept it in hiding.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 2, Chapter 49