Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ كُلُّ مَا خَافَ الْمُحْرِمُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ وَالْحَيَّاتِ وَغَيْرِهَا فَلْيَقْتُلْهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُرِدْكَ فَلا تُرِدْهُ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from those who narrated to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram is afraid of beasts or snakes and so on, one can kill them, however, if they do not attack, one must not attack them.”’ 

2ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَصَفْوَانَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا أَحْرَمْتَ فَاتَّقِ قَتْلَ الدَّوَابِّ كُلِّهَا إِلاَّ الأَفْعَى وَالْعَقْرَبَ وَالْفَأْرَةَ فَإِنَّهَا تُوهِي السِّقَاءَ وَتُحْرِقُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ وَأَمَّا الْعَقْرَبُ فَإِنَّ نَبِيَّ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَدَّ يَدَهُ إِلَى الْحَجَرِ فَلَسَعَتْهُ عَقْرَبٌ فَقَالَ لَعَنَكِ الله لا بَرّاً تَدَعِينَ وَلا فَاجِراً وَالْحَيَّةُ إِذَا أَرَادَتْكَ فَاقْتُلْهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تُرِدْكَ فَلا تُرِدْهَا وَالْكَلْبُ الْعَقُورُ وَالسَّبُعُ إِذَا أَرَادَاكَ فَاقْتُلْهُمَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يُرِيدَاكَ فَلا تُرِدْهُمَا وَالأَسْوَدُ الْغَدِرُ فَاقْتُلْهُ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ وَارْمِ الْغُرَابَ رَمْياً وَالْحِدَأَةَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ بَعِيرِكَ.

2. Ali has narrated from his father from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr and Safwan from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who said, “When you assume the state of Ihram, you should stay away from killing all moving things except for the serpent, the scorpion and the rat because they tear the water containers and burn down (the house) upon the people of the house. As for the scorpion, the Holy prophet (sw) once extended his hand towards a stone and a scorpion stung him; so he (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘May Allah curse you. Neither do you leave a righteous one nor an immoral one’. As for the snake, if it intends to (attack you), kill it, but if it does not intend to, then do not intend to (attack it). If a vicious dog or a wild animal intends to (attack you), then kill them both, but if they do not intend to, then do not intend to (attack them). If it is the treacherous black snake, kill it in all conditions. If it is a crow or al-Hida’at (another kind of crow), shoot them (if they are) on the back of your camel.’” 

3ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ يُقْتَلُ فِي الْحَرَمِ وَالإِحْرَامِ الأَفْعَى وَالأَسْوَدُ الْغَدِرُ وَكُلُّ حَيَّةِ سَوْءٍ وَالْعَقْرَبُ وَالْفَأْرَةُ وَهِيَ الْفُوَيْسِقَةُ وَيُرْجَمُ الْغُرَابُ وَالْحِدَأَةُ رَجْماً فَإِنْ عَرَضَ لَكَ لُصُوصٌ امْتَنَعْتَ مِنْهُمْ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘In al-Haram (the sacred area) and in the state of Ihram it is permissible to kill serpents, treacherous black snakes, all black snakes, scorpions, rats (what is al- Fuwaysaqah); and crows and al-Hida’at (another kind of crow) are pelted, and if thieves attack they are stopped.’” 

4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ يَقْتُلُ الْمُحْرِمُ الزُّنْبُورَ وَالنَّسْرَ وَالأَسْوَدَ الْغَدِرَ وَالذِّئْبَ وَمَا خَافَ أَنْ يَعْدُوَ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ الْكَلْبُ الْعَقُورُ هُوَ الذِّئْبُ.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim for his father who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘In the state of Ihram it is lawful for one to kill wasps (hornets), vultures, treacherous black snakes, wolves and whatever is feared for their harming one.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The biting dog is a wolf.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ مُحْرِمٍ قَتَلَ زُنْبُوراً قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ خَطَأً فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ قُلْتُ لا بَلْ مُتَعَمِّداً قَالَ يُطْعِمُ شَيْئاً مِنْ طَعَامٍ قُلْتُ إِنَّهُ أَرَادَنِي قَالَ كُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ أَرَادَكَ فَاقْتُلْهُ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who kills a wasp. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is by mistake then there is nothing on him.’ I said, ‘No, it is done knowingly.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Feed a certain amount of food.’ I then asked, ‘Is it so even if it attacks me?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Anything that attacks, it is permissible for you to kill it.’” 

6ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ مُثَنَّى بْنِ عَبْدِ السَّلامِ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ يَقْتُلُ الْبَقَّةَ وَالْبُرْغُوثَ إِذَا أَرَادَاهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Muthanna’ ibn ‘Abd al-Salam from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, ‘Can one in the state of Ihram kill a bug or flea if it attacks him?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so.’” 

7ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ الْيَرْبُوعُ وَالْقُنْفُذُ وَالضَّبُّ إِذَا أَمَاتَهُ الْمُحْرِمُ فِيهِ جَدْيٌ وَالْجَدْيُ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ وَإِنَّمَا قُلْتُ هَذَا كَيْ يَنْكُلَ عَنْ صَيْدِ غَيْرِهَا.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from and Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn Ri’ab from Misma’ who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills a Jerboa, hedgehog or a lizard, one must offer a goat, although a goat is much better than any of these but I say it, because such penalty stops one from hunting others.’” 

8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِنَّ الْقُرَادَ لَيْسَ مِنَ الْبَعِيرِ وَالْحَلَمَةُ مِنَ الْبَعِيرِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْقَمْلَةِ مِنْ جَسَدِكَ فَلا تُلْقِهَا وَأَلْقِ الْقُرَادَ.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Ticks are not from the camel. Al-Halamah is from the camel like lice are from your body, so do not throw them away; but throw away ticks.”’ 

9ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ يُقَرِّدُ الْبَعِيرَ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَلا يَنْزِعِ الْحَلَمَةَ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram removes ticks from the camel. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is permissible but he must not remove al-Halamah.’” 

10ـ أَحْمَدُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْعَرْزَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ يَقْتُلُ الْمُحْرِمُ كُلَّ مَا خَشِيَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ.

10. Ahmad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Abd al-Rahman al-‘Arzamiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One in the state of Ihram can kill anything whereby one fears for his life.’” 

11ـ أَحْمَدُ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِقَتْلِ الْبُرْغُوثِ وَالْقَمْلَةِ وَالْبَقَّةِ فِي الْحَرَمِ.

11. Ahmad has narrated from ibn Faddal from certain persons of our people from Zurarah who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not harmful to kill a flea, louse or a bedbug in al- Haram (the sacred area).”’ 

12ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْقَلانِسِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) حَكَكْتُ رَأْسِي وَأَنَا مُحْرِمٌ فَوَقَعَتْ قَمْلَةٌ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ أَيَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ تَجْعَلُ عَلَيَّ فِيهَا قَالَ وَمَا أَجْعَلُ عَلَيْكَ فِي قَمْلَةٍ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ فِيهَا شَيْ‏ءٌ.

12. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from Ahmad al-Qalanisiy from Ahmad ibn al-Walid from Aban from abu al-Jarud who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of scratching my head in the state of Ihram when a louse fell off. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’ I then asked, ‘What you want me to pay for it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I place nothing on you to pay for a louse. There is not anything for it upon you.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 97