Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمَّا أَصَابَ آدَمُ وَزَوْجَتُهُ الْحِنْطَةَ أَخْرَجَهُمَا مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَأَهْبَطَهُمَا إِلَى الأَرْضِ فَأُهْبِطَ آدَمُ عَلَى الصَّفَا وَأُهْبِطَتْ حَوَّاءُ عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ وَإِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ صَفًا لأَنَّهُ شُقَّ لَهُ مِنِ اسْمِ آدَمَ الْمُصْطَفَى وَذَلِكَ لِقَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِنَّ الله اصْطَفى‏ آدَمَ وَنُوحاً وَسُمِّيَتِ الْمَرْوَةُ مَرْوَةً لأَنَّهُ شُقَّ لَهَا مِنِ اسْمِ الْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَ آدَمُ مَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهَا إِلاَّ أَنَّهَا لا تَحِلُّ لِي وَلَوْ كَانَتْ تَحِلُّ لِي هَبَطَتْ مَعِي عَلَى الصَّفَا وَلَكِنَّهَا حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيَّ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ وَفُرِّقَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهَا فَمَكَثَ آدَمُ مُعْتَزِلاً حَوَّاءَ فَكَانَ يَأْتِيهَا نَهَاراً فَيَتَحَدَّثُ عِنْدَهَا عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ فَإِذَا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ وَخَافَ أَنْ تَغْلِبَهُ نَفْسُهُ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى الصَّفَا فَيَبِيتُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لآِدَمَ أُنْسٌ غَيْرَهَا وَلِذَلِكَ سُمِّينَ النِّسَاءَ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّ حَوَّاءَ كَانَتْ أُنْساً لآِدَمَ لا يُكَلِّمُهُ الله وَلا يُرْسِلُ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولاً ثُمَّ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَنَّ عَلَيْهِ بِالتَّوْبَةِ وَتَلَقَّاهُ بِكَلِمَاتٍ فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ بِهَا تَابَ الله عَلَيْهِ وَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَقَالَ السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا آدَمُ التَّائِبُ مِنْ خَطِيئَتِهِ الصَّابِرُ لِبَلِيَّتِهِ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَرْسَلَنِي إِلَيْكَ لأُعَلِّمَكَ الْمَنَاسِكَ الَّتِي تَطْهُرُ بِهَا فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِ إِلَى مَكَانِ الْبَيْتِ وَأَنْزَلَ الله عَلَيْهِ غَمَامَةً فَأَظَلَّتْ مَكَانَ الْبَيْتِ وَكَانَتِ الْغَمَامَةُ بِحِيَالِ الْبَيْتِ الْمَعْمُورِ فَقَالَ يَا آدَمُ خُطَّ بِرِجْلِكَ حَيْثُ أَظَلَّتْ عَلَيْكَ هَذِهِ الْغَمَامَةُ فَإِنَّهُ سَيُخْرِجُ لَكَ بَيْتاً مِنْ مَهَاةٍ يَكُونُ قِبْلَتَكَ وَقِبْلَةَ عَقِبِكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ فَفَعَلَ آدَمُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) وَأَخْرَجَ الله لَهُ تَحْتَ الْغَمَامَةِ بَيْتاً مِنْ مَهَاةٍ وَأَنْزَلَ الله الْحَجَرَ الأَسْوَدَ وَكَانَ أَشَدَّ بَيَاضاً مِنَ اللَّبَنِ وَأَضْوَأَ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ وَإِنَّمَا اسْوَدَّ لأَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ تَمَسَّحُوا بِهِ فَمِنْ نَجَسِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اسْوَدَّ الْحَجَرُ وَأَمَرَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ الله مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ عِنْدَ جَمِيعِ الْمَشَاعِرِ وَيُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ غَفَرَ لَهُ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ حَصَيَاتِ الْجِمَارِ مِنَ الْمُزْدَلِفَةِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مَوْضِعَ الْجِمَارِ تَعَرَّضَ لَهُ إِبْلِيسُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا آدَمُ أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) لا تُكَلِّمْهُ وَارْمِهِ بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ وَكَبِّرْ مَعَ كُلِّ حَصَاةٍ فَفَعَلَ آدَمُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنْ رَمْيِ الْجِمَارِ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُقَرِّبَ الْقُرْبَانَ وَهُوَ الْهَدْيُ قَبْلَ رَمْيِ الْجِمَارِ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ رَأْسَهُ تَوَاضُعاً لله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَفَعَلَ آدَمُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ بِزِيَارَةِ الْبَيْتِ وَأَنْ يَطُوفَ بِهِ سَبْعاً وَيَسْعَى بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ أُسْبُوعاً يَبْدَأُ بِالصَّفَا وَيَخْتِمُ بِالْمَرْوَةِ ثُمَّ يَطُوفَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أُسْبُوعاً بِالْبَيْتِ وَهُوَ طَوَافُ النِّسَاءِ لا يَحِلُّ لِلْمُحْرِمِ أَنْ يُبَاضِعَ حَتَّى يَطُوفَ طَوَافَ النِّسَاءِ فَفَعَلَ آدَمُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ غَفَرَ ذَنْبَكَ وَقَبِلَ تَوْبَتَكَ وَأَحَلَّ لَكَ زَوْجَتَكَ فَانْطَلَقَ آدَمُ وَغُفِرَ لَهُ ذَنْبُهُ وَقُبِلَتْ مِنْهُ تَوْبَتُهُ وَحَلَّتْ لَهُ زَوْجَتُهُ.

1. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Salih ibn abu Hammad from al-Husayn ibn Yazid from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu Ibrahim from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, when Adam and his spouse were affected by the tree of wheat, expelled them from paradise and made them to descend to earth. Adam landed on al-Safa’ and Hawwa’ (Eve) landed on al- Marwah. Al-Safa’ is called by this name because it is derived from Adam’s name al-Mustafa’ (the chosen one) as Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, “Allah chose Adam and Noah.” (3:33) Al-Marwah is called by this name because it is taken from the word al-Mar’ah (a woman). Adam then said to himself, “Allah has separated her from me is because she is not lawful for me anymore; had she been lawful for me she would descend with me on al-Safa’.” Adam waited away from Hawwa’. He would go to her at al-Marwah during the day and speak to her. At night, for fear that his desires may overcome him, would go back to al-Safa’ and pass the night there. Adam had no one beside Hawwa’ to comfort him and for this reason women are called al-Nisa’ (comforting). Hawwa’ was a source of comfort for Adam. Allah did not speak to him and did not send any messenger to him. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, then accepted his repentance as a favor to him. He dictated to him certain words. Adam then spoke those words and Allah turned to him with the acceptance of his repentance. He then sent Jibril to him, who offered him the greeting of peace and said, “O repenting Adam, who has turned back from his mistakes and exercised patience on facing misfortune. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has sent me to you to teach the good deeds which when you practice will cleanse you.” He then took hold of his hand and moved to the site of the House. Allah sent a piece of cloud and it cast a shadow on the site of the House. The cloud was parallel to the established House in the heaven. Jibril said, “O Adam, draw a mark with your foot around the shadow of this cloud, that has covered the site. A house of diamond will soon emerge for you on this site, which will be a Qiblah for you and your descendants after you.” Adam did as he was told to do and Allah then made a house of diamond emerge for him under the cloud. Allah brought down the Black Stone, which at that time was intensely white, even more than milk and brighter than the sun. It turned black because of the pagans’ touch and because of their filth. Jibril commanded Adam to ask forgiveness from Allah for his sin, near all the reminders (of Allah) and would tell him that Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has forgiven him. He commanded him to pick up pebbles, to throw on al-Jamar, from al-Muzdalifah (name of a place). When he arrived at the place of al-Jamar, Satan countered him and said, “O Adam, where are you going?” Jibril told Adam not to speak to him, pelt him with seven pebbles and say Takhir (Allah is great beyond description) with each throw. Adam did as he was told to do until he completed throwing pebbles on al-Jamar. He then commanded him to offer a sacrifice, the offering, which is done before throwing pebbles. He commanded him to shave his head to express humbleness before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious. Adam did as he was told to do. He (Jibril) then commanded him to visit the House, walk seven times around it and walk seven times between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah, beginning from al-Safa’ to end at al-Marwah. Thereafter walk seven times around the House, which is called Tawaf of women. Without this Tawaf, carnal relation remains unlawful. Adam completed this Tawaf and Jibril said to him, “Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has forgiven your sin, accepted your repentance and your returning to Him. He has made your spouse lawful for you.” Adam then left, his sin was forgiven, his return to Allah was accepted and his spouse became lawful for him.’” 

2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَلانِسِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِنَّ آدَمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) لَمَّا أُهْبِطَ إِلَى الأَرْضِ أُهْبِطَ عَلَى الصَّفَا وَلِذَلِكَ سُمِّيَ الصَّفَا لأَنَّ الْمُصْطَفَى هَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ فَقُطِعَ لِلْجَبَلِ اسْمٌ مِنِ اسْمِ آدَمَ يَقُولُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِنَّ الله اصْطَفى‏ آدَمَ وَنُوحاً وَآلَ إِبْراهِيمَ وَآلَ عِمْرانَ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ وَأُهْبِطَتْ حَوَّاءُ عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ وَإِنَّمَا سُمِّيَتِ الْمَرْوَةُ مَرْوَةً لأَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ هَبَطَتْ عَلَيْهَا فَقُطِعَ لِلْجَبَلِ اسْمٌ مِنِ اسْمِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَهُمَا جَبَلانِ عَنْ يَمِينِ الْكَعْبَةِ وَشِمَالِهَا فَقَالَ آدَمُ حِينَ فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ حَوَّاءَ مَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ زَوْجَتِي إِلاَّ وَقَدْ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيَّ فَاعْتَزَلَهَا وَكَانَ يَأْتِيهَا بِالنَّهَارِ فَيَتَحَدَّثُ إِلَيْهَا فَإِذَا كَانَ اللَّيْلَةُ خَشِيَ أَنْ تَغْلِبَهُ نَفْسُهُ عَلَيْهَا رَجَعَ فَبَاتَ عَلَى الصَّفَا وَلِذَلِكَ سُمِّيَتِ النِّسَاءُ لأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لآِدَمَ أُنْسٌ غَيْرَهَا فَمَكَثَ آدَمُ بِذَلِكَ مَا شَاءَ الله أَنْ يَمْكُثَ لا يُكَلِّمُهُ الله وَلا يُرْسِلُ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولاً وَالرَّبُّ سُبْحَانَهُ يُبَاهِي بِصَبْرِهِ الْمَلائِكَةَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْوَقْتُ الَّذِي يُرِيدُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَى آدَمَ فِيهِ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَقَالَ السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا آدَمُ الصَّابِرُ لِبَلِيَّتِهِ التَّائِبُ عَنْ خَطِيئَتِهِ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بَعَثَنِي إِلَيْكَ لأُعَلِّمَكَ الْمَنَاسِكَ الَّتِي يُرِيدُ الله أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْكَ بِهَا فَأَخَذَ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) بِيَدِ آدَمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) حَتَّى أَتَى بِهِ مَكَانَ الْبَيْتِ فَنَزَلَ غَمَامٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَأَظَلَّ مَكَانَ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَا آدَمُ خُطَّ بِرِجْلِكَ حَيْثُ أَظَلَّ الْغَمَامُ فَإِنَّهُ قِبْلَةٌ لَكَ وَلآِخِرِ عَقِبِكَ مِنْ وُلْدِكَ فَخَطَّ آدَمُ بِرِجْلِهِ حَيْثُ أَظَلَّ الْغَمَامُ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ بِهِ إِلَى مِنًى فَأَرَاهُ مَسْجِدَ مِنًى فَخَطَّ بِرِجْلِهِ وَمَدَّ خِطَّةَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ بَعْدَ مَا خَطَّ مَكَانَ الْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ بِهِ مِنْ مِنًى إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ فَأَقَامَهُ عَلَى الْمُعَرَّفِ فَقَالَ إِذَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَاعْتَرِفْ بِذَنْبِكَ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ وَسَلِ الله الْمَغْفِرَةَ وَالتَّوْبَةَ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ آدَمُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) وَلِذَلِكَ سُمِّيَ الْمُعَرَّفَ لأَنَّ آدَمَ اعْتَرَفَ فِيهِ بِذَنْبِهِ وَجُعِلَ سُنَّةً لِوُلْدِهِ يَعْتَرِفُونَ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ كَمَا اعْتَرَفَ آدَمُ وَيَسْأَلُونَ التَّوْبَةَ كَمَا سَأَلَهَا آدَمُ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَأَفَاضَ مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ فَمَرَّ عَلَى الْجِبَالِ السَّبْعَةِ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُكَبِّرَ عِنْدَ كُلِّ جَبَلٍ أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ آدَمُ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى جَمْعٍ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى جَمْعٍ ثُلُثَ اللَّيْلِ فَجَمَعَ فِيهَا الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ الآخِرَةَ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ ثُلُثَ اللَّيْلِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَنْبَطِحَ فِي بَطْحَاءِ جَمْعٍ فَانْبَطَحَ فِي بَطْحَاءِ جَمْعٍ حَتَّى انْفَجَرَ الصُّبْحُ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَصْعَدَ عَلَى الْجَبَلِ جَبَلِ جَمْعٍ وَأَمَرَهُ إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَنْ يَعْتَرِفَ بِذَنْبِهِ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ وَيَسْأَلَ الله التَّوْبَةَ وَالْمَغْفِرَةَ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ آدَمُ كَمَا أَمَرَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) وَإِنَّمَا جَعَلَهُ اعْتِرَافَيْنِ لِيَكُونَ سُنَّةً فِي وُلْدِهِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ مِنْهُمْ عَرَفَاتٍ وَأَدْرَكَ جَمْعاً فَقَدْ وَافَى حَجَّهُ إِلَى مِنًى ثُمَّ أَفَاضَ مِنْ جَمْعٍ إِلَى مِنًى فَبَلَغَ مِنًى ضُحًى فَأَمَرَهُ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ فِي مَسْجِدِ مِنًى ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُقَرِّبَ لله قُرْبَاناً لِيُقْبَلَ مِنْهُ وَيَعْرِفَ أَنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ تَابَ عَلَيْهِ وَيَكُونَ سُنَّةً فِي وُلْدِهِ الْقُرْبَانُ فَقَرَّبَ آدَمُ قُرْبَاناً فَقَبِلَ الله مِنْهُ فَأَرْسَلَ نَاراً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَقُبِلَتْ قُرْبَانُ آدَمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ يَا آدَمُ إِنَّ الله قَدْ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْكَ إِذْ عَلَّمَكَ الْمَنَاسِكَ الَّتِي يَتُوبُ بِهَا عَلَيْكَ وَقَبِلَ قُرْبَانَكَ فَاحْلِقْ رَأْسَكَ تَوَاضُعاً لله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِذْ قَبِلَ قُرْبَانَكَ فَحَلَقَ آدَمُ رَأْسَهُ تَوَاضُعاً لله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِيَدِ آدَمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ فَعَرَضَ لَهُ إِبْلِيسُ عِنْدَ الْجَمْرَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِبْلِيسُ لَعَنَهُ الله يَا آدَمُ أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَا آدَمُ ارْمِهِ بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ وَكَبِّرْ مَعَ كُلِّ حَصَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ آدَمُ فَذَهَبَ إِبْلِيسُ ثُمَّ عَرَضَ لَهُ عِنْدَ الْجَمْرَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا آدَمُ أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) ارْمِهِ بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ وَكَبِّرْ مَعَ كُلِّ حَصَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ آدَمُ فَذَهَبَ إِبْلِيسُ ثُمَّ عَرَضَ لَهُ عِنْدَ الْجَمْرَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا آدَمُ أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) ارْمِهِ بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ وَكَبِّرْ مَعَ كُلِّ حَصَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ آدَمُ فَذَهَبَ إِبْلِيسُ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَرَاهُ بَعْدَ مَقَامِكَ هَذَا أَبَداً ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ بِهِ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ آدَمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) إِنَّ الله قَدْ غَفَرَ لَكَ ذَنْبَكَ وَقَبِلَ تَوْبَتَكَ وَأَحَلَّ لَكَ زَوْجَتَكَ. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي الدَّيْلَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) مِثْلَهُ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Qalanisiy from Ali ibn Hassan from his uncle ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Kathir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when Adam landed on al-Safa’ and it is called al- Safa’; al-Mustafa (the chosen one) landed there. For this reason it is called (al-Safa’); it is derived from Adam’s name al-Mustafa’ (the chosen one) as Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, “Allah chose Adam and Noah, the family of Ibrahim and family of ‘Imran over the worlds.” (3:33) Hawwa’ (Eve) landed on al-Marwah. Al-Marwah is called by this name because it is taken from the word al-Mar’ah (a woman). Al-Safa’ and al-Marwah are two hills on the right side of al-Ka‘bah. Adam then said to himself, ‘Allah separated her from me; she is not lawful for me anymore. Adam waited away from Hawwa’. He would go to her at al-Marwah during the day and speak to her, and at night, for fear that his desires may overcome him, would go back to al-Safa’ and pass the night there. Adam had no one beside Hawwa’ to comfort him and for this reason women are called al-Nisa’ (comforting). Hawwa’ was a source of comfort for Adam. Adam waited in this condition as long as Allah wanted. Allah did not speak to him and did not send any messenger to him. The Lord, to who belongs glory, expressed pride before the angels because of Adam’s exercising patience. When the time came when Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, decided to accept his repentance, He sent Jibril to him who offered him the greeting of peace and said, “O repenting Adam, who has turned back from his mistakes and has exercised patience on facing misfortune. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has sent me to you to teach you the good deeds which when you practice will cleanse you.” He then took hold of his hand and moved to the site of the House. Allah sent a piece of cloud and it cast a shadow on the site of the House. Jibril said, “O Adam, draw a mark with your foot around the shadow of this cloud, that has covered the site. It will be a Qiblah for you and your descendents after you.” Adam did as he was told to do. He (Jibril) then left with him to Mina and showed him the Masjid of Mina. He, Adam, drew a line with his foot. He marked the site of the Sacred Masjid after marking the site of the House. He (Jibril) then left from Mina to ‘Arafat and made him to stay at al- Mu‘arraf. He (Jibril) said, “When it is sunset, confess to your sins seven times and ask forgiveness and repentance from Allah, seven times.” Adam did as he was told to do. For this reason it is called al- Mu‘arraf; Adam confessed there to his sin and made a tradition for his offspring to confess to their sin as Adam had done and that they should repent as Adam had done. Then he (Jibril) commanded him to leave ‘Arafat. He passed by the seven hills and he (Jibril) commanded him to say Takhir (Allah is great beyond description) near each hill four times. Adam did as he was told to do. He then arrived in Jam‘ by which time one third of the night had passed. He said his Maghrib and ‘Isha prayer without interval in between at that night at that place. He (Jibril) then commanded him to rest in Batha’, where Adam did so, until morning. He (Jibril) then commanded him to climb the hill of Jam‘ (al- Muzdalifah) when it is sunrise, confess to his sins seven times and ask Allah for forgiveness and repentance seven times. Adam then did as he (Jibril) had told him to do. He made it two confessions so it becomes a tradition for his offspring. Those of them who cannot attend ‘Arafat but can attend Jam‘ (al-Muzdalifah), their Hajj is good so far. He then left for Mina from Jam‘. At noontime, he arrived in Mina and he (Jibril) commanded him to pray two-Rak‘ats prayer in the Masjid of Mina. Then he (Jibril) commanded him to offer a sacrifice before Allah, so it is accepted from him, and take notice that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has turned to him, and it (offering sacrifice) becomes a tradition for his offspring. Adam offered a sacrifice. Allah accepted it from him and sent a fire from the sky. Adam’s sacrifice was accepted. He (Jibril) said, “O Adam, Allah has done a favor to you by teaching you the good deeds because of which He has turned to you and has accepted your sacrifice. Shave your head to express humbleness before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, for His accepting your sacrifice.” Adam shaved his head to express humbleness before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious. He (Jibril) then held Adam’s hand and left toward the House. On the way, Satan countered him near al-Jamarah. Satan, may he be condemned, asked, “O Adam, where are you going?” He (Jibril) said to Adam, “Pelt him with seven pebbles and say Takhir (Allah is great beyond description) once with each pelting.” Adam did as he was told to do and Satan went away. He (Satan) encountered him again near the second al-Jamarah and asked, “O Adam, where are you going?” He (Jibril) said, “O Adam, pelt him with seven pebbles and say Takhir (Allah is great beyond description) seven times, once with each pelting.” Adam did as he was told to do and Satan went away. Satan then encountered him near the third al-Jamarah and asked, “O Adam, where do you want to go?” He (Jibril) said, “Pelt him with seven pebbles and say Takhir (Allah is great beyond description) seven times, once with each pelting.” Adam did as he was told to do and Satan went away. He (Jibril) said, “From this time on, you will not see him again.” He (Jibril) then left with him for the House and commanded him to do Tawaf (walk) around the House seven times. Adam did as was told to do. He (Jibril) said, to him, “Allah has forgiven your sin, accepted your repentance and has made your spouse lawful for you.”’” NOTE:Muhammad ibn abu ‘ Abd Allah has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ‘Abd al-Karim ibn ‘Amr and Isma‘il ibn Hazim from ‘Abd al-Hamid ibn abu al-Daylam from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), a similar Hadith. 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ وَجَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لَمَّا طَافَ آدَمُ بِالْبَيْتِ وَانْتَهَى إِلَى الْمُلْتَزَمِ قَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَا آدَمُ أَقِرَّ لِرَبِّكَ بِذُنُوبِكَ فِي هَذَا الْمَكَانِ قَالَ فَوَقَفَ آدَمُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ عَامِلٍ أَجْراً وَقَدْ عَمِلْتُ فَمَا أَجْرِي فَأَوْحَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا آدَمُ قَدْ غَفَرْتُ ذَنْبَكَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ وَلِوُلْدِي أَوْ لِذُرِّيَّتِي فَأَوْحَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا آدَمُ مَنْ جَاءَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِكَ إِلَى هَذَا الْمَكَانِ وَأَقَرَّ بِذُنُوبِهِ وَتَابَ كَمَا تُبْتَ ثُمَّ اسْتَغْفَرَ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar and Jamil ibn Salih who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when Adam performed Tawaf around the House and ended by al-Multazam, Jibril said to him, “O Adam, (you must) confess your sins before your Lord at this place.” He (the Imam) has said, ‘Adam stood there and said, “O Lord, every worker has wages. I have worked. What are my wages?” Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, sent wahy (revelation) that said, “I have forgiven your sin.” He then asked, “O Lord, what will happen to my offspring and descendents?” Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, then sent revelation saying, “Whoever of your offspring will come to this place, confess his sins and return as you returned (repented), then ask for forgiveness, I will forgive.”’” 

4ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لَمَّا أَفَاضَ آدَمُ مِنْ مِنًى تَلَقَّتْهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ فَقَالُوا يَا آدَمُ بُرَّ حَجُّكَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ قَدْ حَجَجْنَا هَذَا الْبَيْتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَحُجَّهُ بِأَلْفَيْ عَامٍ.

4. Ali has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when Adam left Mina (for Makkah), the angels met him saying, “Good for you is your Hajj; however, we have performed Hajj around this House two thousand years before your Hajj.’”” 

5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلادِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بِلالٍ الْمَكِّيُّ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْبَابِ وَالْحَجَرِ الأَسْوَدِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَداً مِنْكُمْ صَلَّى فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ فَقَالَ هَذَا الْمَكَانُ الَّذِي تِيبَ عَلَى آدَمَ فِيهِ.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya and others have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-‘Abbas ibn Ma‘ruf from Ali ibn Mahziyar from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Ibrahim ibn abu al-Balad who has said the following: “Abu Bilal al-Makkiy narrated to me saying, ‘I saw abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), doing Tawaf around the House then say two Rak‘at salat (prayer) between the door and the Black Stone. I asked him, “I have not seen anyone of you say salat (prayer) at this place.’” He (the Imam) said, “This is the place where Adam received attention and forgiveness.’”” 

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ آدَمَ حَيْثُ حَجَّ بِمَا حَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) بِيَاقُوتَةٍ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَأَمَرَّهَا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَتَنَاثَرَ شَعْرُهُ. 

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Muhammad al-‘Alawiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), ’How did Adam (a.s.), perform Hajj and with what did he shave his head?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘ Jibril descended with a piece of ruby from paradise, brushed his head with it and his hairs fell off.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 4