Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) إِذَا انْصَرَفْتَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَانْتَهَيْتَ إِلَى ذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ وَأَنْتَ رَاجِعٌ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مِنْ مَكَّةَ فَائْتِ مُعَرَّسَ النَّبِيِّ (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَإِنْ كُنْتَ فِي وَقْتِ صَلاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ أَوْ نَافِلَةٍ فَصَلِّ فِيهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي غَيْرِ وَقْتِ صَلاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ فَانْزِلْ فِيهِ قَلِيلاً فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَدْ كَانَ يُعَرِّسُ فِيهِ وَيُصَلِّي.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Isma‘il from af-Fadf ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya and Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that during your return from Makkah to al-Madinah, on your way when you are in Dhu al-Hulayfah, then visit Mu‘arras of the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. You should perform salat (prayer) there if it is time of an obligatory or optional salat (prayer). If it is not time for an obligatory salat (prayer), disembark and rest there for a while; the Holy Prophet would rest and perform salat (prayer) at that place.” 

2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ وَالْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُعَرِّسْ فَأَمَرَهُ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ فَيُعَرِّسَ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hajjal and al-Hassan ibn Ali from Ali ibn Asbat, from certain individuals of our people that he did not disembark for rest where the Holy Prophet had rested. Al-Rida (a.s.), commanded him to go back and do what he was supposed to do.” 

3ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ جَمَّالَنَا مَرَّ بِنَا وَلَمْ يَنْزِلِ الْمُعَرَّسَ فَقَالَ لا بُدَّ أَنْ تَرْجِعُوا إِلَيْهِ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ.

3. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Kufiy from Ali ibn Asbat from Muhammad ibn al-Qasim from al-Fudayl who has said the following: “I once said to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, our camel-man passed by al-Mu‘arras but did not disembark for rest. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must go back.’ I then went back.’” 

4ـ وَعَنْهُ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ لأَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) وَنَحْنُ نَسْمَعُ إِنَّا لَمْ نَكُنْ عَرَّسْنَا فَأَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَرَّسَ وَأَنَّهُ سَأَلَكَ فَأَمَرْتَهُ بِالْعَوْدِ إِلَى الْمُعَرَّسِ فَيُعَرِّسُ فِيهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ فَإِنَّا انْصَرَفْنَا فَعَرَّسْنَا فَأَيَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ نَصْنَعُ قَالَ تُصَلِّي فِيهِ وَتَضْطَجِعُ وَكَانَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يُصَلِّي بَعْدَ الْعَتَمَةِ فِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُحَمَّدٌ فَإِنْ مَرَّ بِهِ فِي غَيْرِ وَقْتِ صَلاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ قَالَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ قَالَ سُئِلَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ ذَا فَقَالَ مَا رُخِّصَ فِي هَذَا إِلاَّ فِي رَكْعَتَيِ الطَّوَافِ فَإِنَّ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) فَعَلَهُ وَقَالَ يُقِيمُ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلاةِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَمَنْ مَرَّ بِهِ بِلَيْلٍ أَوْ نَهَارٍ يُعَرِّسُ فِيهِ أَوْ إِنَّمَا التَّعْرِيسُ بِاللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ إِنْ مَرَّ بِهِ بِلَيْلٍ أَوْ نَهَارٍ فَلْيُعَرِّسْ فِيهِ. 

4. It is narrated from him (the narrator of the previous Hadith) from ibn Faddal who has said the following: “Ali ibn Asbat once said to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), and we were listening, ‘We did not disembark in al-Mu‘arras. We then informed ibn al-Qasim ibn al-Fudayl who had not disembarked in al-Mu‘ arras. He then had asked you about it, and you commanded him to go back to al-Mu‘ arras to comply with the tradition for that place.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, that is true.’ He (the narrator) then asked, ‘What should we do if we go back?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You should perform salat (prayer) and just lie down. Abu al-Hassan (a.s.), would perform salat (prayer) there after al-‘Atmah (‘Isha).’ Muhammad then asked the Imam, ‘What should one do if one passes by when it is not time for obligatory salat (prayer) like if it is after al-‘Asr salat (prayer)?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Abu al-Hassan was asked about it and he had said, ‘It is not permissible in this case (performing salat (prayer) after al-‘Asr) except the two Rak‘at of Tawaf. Al-Hassan ibn Ali (a.s.), had performed it.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘One should stay there until it is time for an obligatory salat (prayer).’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, is resting at al-Mu‘arras when passing by during both day and night or just when passing by during the night only?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is for passing by regardless of the night or day time.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 224