Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ أَلاَّ يَخْرُجَ الإِمَامُ مِنْ مِنًى إِلَى عَرَفَةَ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ.

1. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from those whom he has mentioned from Aban from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is of the Sunnah that the Imam must not leave Mina’ for ‘Arafah, until it is sunrise.’” 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ الطَّائِيِّ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) إِنَّا مُشَاةٌ فَكَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ قَالَ أَمَّا أَصْحَابُ الرِّحَالِ فَكَانُوا يُصَلُّونَ الْغَدَاةَ بِمِنًى وَأَمَّا أَنْتُمْ فَامْضُوا حَتَّى تُصَلُّوا فِي الطَّرِيقِ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id form al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Yahya ibn “Imran al-Halabiy from ‘ Abd al-Hamid al-Ta’iy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘We walk on foot. What must we do?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Those who have the means of transportation perform the morning Salat (prayer) in Mina’ but you can go on and perform your Salat (prayer) on the way.’” 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَصَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا غَدَوْتَ إِلَى عَرَفَةَ فَقُلْ وَأَنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهٌ إِلَيْهَا اللهمَّ إِلَيْكَ صَمَدْتُ وَإِيَّاكَ اعْتَمَدْتُ وَوَجْهَكَ أَرَدْتُ فَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُبَارِكَ لِي فِي رِحْلَتِي وَأَنْ تَقْضِيَ لِي حَاجَتِي وَأَنْ تَجْعَلَنِي الْيَوْمَ مِمَّنْ تُبَاهِي بِهِ مَنْ هُوَ أَفْضَلُ مِنِّي ثُمَّ تُلَبِّ وَأَنْتَ غَادٍ إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ فَإِذَا انْتَهَيْتَ إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ فَاضْرِبْ خِبَاءَكَ بِنَمِرَةَ وَنَمِرَةُ هِيَ بَطْنُ عُرَنَةَ دُونَ الْمَوْقِفِ وَدُونَ عَرَفَةَ فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ فَاغْتَسِلْ وَصَلِّ الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ بِأَذَانٍ وَاحِدٍ وَإِقَامَتَيْنِ وَإِنَّمَا تُعَجِّلُ الْعَصْرَ وَتَجْمَعُ بَيْنَهُمَا لِتُفَرِّغَ نَفْسَكَ لِلدُّعَاءِ فَإِنَّهُ يَوْمُ دُعَاءٍ وَمَسْأَلَةٍ قَالَ وَحَدُّ عَرَفَةَ مِنْ بَطْنِ عُرَنَةَ وَثَوِيَّةَ وَنَمِرَةَ إِلَى ذِي الْمَجَازِ وَخَلْفَ الْجَبَلِ مَوْقِفٌ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya and Ibn Abi ‘Umayr Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When in the morning you are ready to move toward ‘Arafat, say this prayer, ‘O Lord, I have turned to You, depend on You and for Your sake I act. I appeal before You to make my journey a blessing, grant my needs and make me today of those about whom You express pride before those who are more virtuous than I am.’ Thereafter say Talbiyah and you are on your way to ‘Arafat. You can pitch up your tent in Namirah when you arrive in ‘Arafat, which is before the station and before ‘Arafat. On the day of ‘Arafah, take Ghusl (bath) when it is Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime). You can perform al-Zuhr and al-‘Asr Salat (prayer) with one Adhan and two ‘Iqamah. Say al-‘Asr Salat (prayer) earlier, in fact perform them soon one after the other, so you can give yourself enough time for prayer and supplication; it is the day for appealing and pleading (before Allah).’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The boundaries of ‘Arafat are from Batn ‘Urnah, to Thawiyah, and Namirah to Dhil Majaz. Behind the hill is the station.’” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) الْغُسْلُ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَتَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ بِأَذَانٍ وَإِقَامَتَيْنِ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Ghusl (bath) on the day of ‘Arafah, is at Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime) and you must perform al-Zuhr and al-‘Asr Salat (prayer) together with one Adhan and two ‘Iqamah.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَهِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ قِيلَ لَهُ أَيُّمَا أَفْضَلُ الْحَرَمُ أَوْ عَرَفَةُ فَقَالَ الْحَرَمُ فَقِيلَ وَكَيْفَ لَمْ تَكُنْ عَرَفَاتٌ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَقَالَ هَكَذَا جَعَلَهَا الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy and Hisham ibn al-Hakam who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked, ‘Is ‘Arafat, more important or al-Haram (the sacred area)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Al-Haram (the sacred area) is more important.’ It was asked, ‘Why is ‘Arafat not in al-Haram (the sacred area)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This is how Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has made it.’” 

6ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ حَدُّ عَرَفَاتٍ مِنَ الْمَأْزِمَيْنِ إِلَى أَقْصَى الْمَوْقِفِ. 

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The boundary of ‘Arafat is from al-Mazemin to the end of the station.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 163