Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَصِيدَ الْمُحْرِمُ السَّمَكَ وَيَأْكُلَ مَالِحَهُ وَطَرِيَّهُ وَيَتَزَوَّدَ وَقَالَ أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ صَيْدُ الْبَحْرِ وَطَعامُهُ مَتاعاً لَكُمْ قَالَ مَالِحُهُ الَّذِي يَأْكُلُونَ وَفَصْلُ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا كُلُّ طَيْرٍ يَكُونُ فِي الآجَامِ يَبِيضُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَيُفْرِخُ فِي الْبَرِّ فَهُوَ مِنْ صَيْدِ الْبَرِّ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ صَيْدِ الْبَرِّ يَكُونُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَيَبِيضُ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَيُفْرِخُ فِي الْبَحْرِ فَهُوَ مِنْ صَيْدِ الْبَحْرِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not harmful to catch fish while one is in the state of Ihram and use it for food, regardless if it is salty or fresh. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, “Hunting from the sea is made lawful for you and sea food is for your supplies.” (5:97) He (the Imam) has said, ‘The salty one is what you use for food. The difference in between is that every bird in the jungle that lays egg on land and hatches on land is of the hunting prey on land. Of the hunting subject on land those which lay eggs in the sea and hatch in the sea are of the objects of hunting from the sea.”’ 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ كُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ يَكُونُ أَصْلُهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَيَكُونُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ فَلا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُحْرِمِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ فَإِنْ قَتَلَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ الْجَزَاءُ كَمَا قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘ Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Everything that originates from the sea but is found on land and in the sea, should not be killed by those who are in the state of Ihram. If they kill such animals, they owe penalty as Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said.’” 

3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ مِنْ مُحْرِمٍ قَتَلَ جَرَادَةً قَالَ كَفٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ كَثِيراً فَعَلَيْهِ دَمُ شَاةٍ.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who is in the state of Ihram and kills a locust. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one handful of food, but if they are many then he owes one sheep.’” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي مُحْرِمٍ قَتَلَ جَرَادَةً قَالَ يُطْعِمُ تَمْرَةً وَالتَّمْرَةُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ جَرَادَةٍ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “About a man who kills a locust while in the state of Ihram, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He must feed a date (to a destitute person), even though a date is better than a locust.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ قَالَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ مَا وَطِئْتَ مِنَ الدَّبَا أَوْ وَطِئَتْهُ بَعِيرُكَ فَعَلَيْكَ فِدَاؤُهُ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You must take notice that whatever moving things you or your camel may step on, you owe ransom therefore.’” 

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ مَرَّ عَلِيٌّ صَلَوَاتُ الله عَلَيْهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ يَأْكُلُونَ جَرَاداً فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ الله وَأَنْتُمْ مُحْرِمُونَ فَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنْ صَيْدِ الْبَحْرِ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ ارْمُوهُ فِي الْمَاءِ إِذاً.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that once Ali (a.s.), passed by a people who were eating locusts. He said Tasbih (Allah is free of all defects) and you are in the state of Ihram! They said, ‘It is of the object of hunting from the sea.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If that is the case, then throw them in the sea.’” 

7ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) قَالَ الْمُحْرِمُ يَتَنَكَّبُ الْجَرَادَ إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ بُدّاً فَقَتَلَ فَلا شَيْ‏ءَ عَلَيْهِ.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘A person in the state of Ihram should avoid locusts, if they are on the road but if it is not avoidable and they get killed, then there is nothing on him.’” 

8ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْجَرَادِ يَدْخُلُ مَتَاعَ الْقَوْمِ فَيَدُوسُونَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ تَعَمُّدٍ لِقَتْلِهِ أَوْ يَمُرُّونَ بِهِ فِي الطَّرِيقِ فَيَطَئُونَهُ قَالَ إِنْ وَجَدْتَ مَعْدِلاً فَاعْدِلْ عَنْهُ فَإِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ غَيْرَ مُتَعَمِّدٍ فَلا بَأْسَ.

8. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about locusts which get into the people’s goods and they unintentionally trample upon them or when passing on the road; step on them. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you can, avoid it but if you kill it unintentionally, then there is nothing on you.”’ 

9ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الطَّيَّارِ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) قَالَ لا يَأْكُلِ الْمُحْرِمُ طَيْرَ الْمَاءِ.

9. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban formal-Tayyar from one of the two Imams, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘One in the state of Ihram, must not eat sea birds.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 112