 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ تَقُولُ فِي آخِرِ سَجْدَةٍ مِنَ النَّوَافِلِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ اللهمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِوَجْهِكَ الْكَرِيمِ وَاسْمِكَ الْعَظِيمِ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِي ذَنْبِيَ الْعَظِيمَ سَبْعاً.

1. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from al-Nadr ibn al-Suwayd from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that on Friday night after optional Salah (prayer), after Maghrib (soon after sunset) Salah (prayer) one should say, ‘O Lord, I appeal to You through Your gracious face and great name. “Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family a compensation worthy of their serving Your cause,)” Forgive my great sin’- seven times.” 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الأشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَكْثِرُوا مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ عَلَيَّ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الْغَرَّاءِ وَالْيَوْمِ الأزْهَرِ لَيْلَةِ الْجُمُعَةِ وَيَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَسُئِلَ إِلَى كَمِ الْكَثِيرُ قَالَ إِلَى مِائَةٍ وَمَا زَادَتْ فَهُوَ أَفْضَلُ.

2. Ali ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Hassan have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy from al-Qaddah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Say a great number of times, “Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah, please, grant Muhammad and his family a compensation worthy of their serving Your cause)” on the brilliant day and blossoming night of Friday.’ He was asked about the meaning of great number of times and he (the Imam) replied, ‘It is up to one hundred times and above this is excellent.’” 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ مَا مِنْ شَيْ‏ءٍ يُعْبَدُ الله بِهِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ.

3. Muhammad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah has narrated from Muhammad ibn Hassan from al-Hassan ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn ‘Abd Allah from Yazid ibn Ishaq from Harun ibn Kharijah from al-Mufaddal who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘On Friday no other form of obedience to Allah is more beloved to me than saying, “Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family compensation worthy of their serving Your cause.)””’ 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَقُلِ اللهمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ الأوْصِيَاءِ الْمَرْضِيِّينَ بِأَفْضَلِ صَلَوَاتِكَ وَبَارِكْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَفْضَلِ بَرَكَاتِكَ وَالسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَيْهِمْ وَرَحْمَةُ الله وَبَرَكَاتُهُ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ قَالَهَا فِي دُبُرِ الْعَصْرِ كَتَبَ الله لَهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ حَسَنَةٍ وَمَحَا عَنْهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ سَيِّئَةٍ وَقَضَى لَهُ بِهَا مِائَةَ أَلْفِ حَاجَةٍ وَرَفَعَ لَهُ بِهَا مِائَةَ أَلْفِ دَرَجَةٍ.

4. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad in a marfu‘ manner (from the Imam) who has said the following: “After completing Friday Salah (prayer) say, ‘Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad. . . (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family a compensation worthy of their serving Your cause, the well accepted executors of his will, with most preferred compensations and grant them blessings of the best form of your blessings, he and they all are ‘Alayhim al-Salam, mercy and blessings).’ Whoever says this after the afternoon Salah (prayer), Allah writes for him one hundred thousand good deeds, deletes his one hundred thousand bad deeds, makes his one hundred thousand wishes come true and raises his position by one hundred thousand degrees.’” 

5ـ وَرُوِيَ أَنَّ مَنْ قَالَهَا سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ رَدَّ الله عَلَيْهِ مِنْ كُلِّ عَبْدٍ حَسَنَةً وَكَانَ عَمَلُهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ مَقْبُولاً وَجَاءَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَبَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ نُورٌ.

5. The narrator of the previous Hadith has narrated that if one says the expression stated in the previous Hadith seven times, Allah in return grants him one good from every servant. On that day his deeds are accepted and on the Day of Judgment he will come with a light between his eyes.” 

6ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ تَقْرَأَ فِي دُبُرِ الْغَدَاةِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ الرَّحْمَنَ كُلَّهَا ثُمَّ تَقُولَ كُلَّمَا قُلْتَ فَبِأَيِّ آلاءِ رَبِّكُما تُكَذِّبانِ لاَ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ مِنْ آلاَئِكَ رَبِّ أُكَذِّبُ.

6. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘It is preferable to recite Chapter 55 of the Holy Quran after the morning Salah (prayer) on Friday morning and after reciting the verse that says, “Which of the bounties of your Lord do you then deny?” say, ‘I do not deny anyone of the bounties of my Lord.’” 

7ـ وَبِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) مَنْ قَرَأَ الْكَهْفَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةِ جُمُعَةٍ كَانَتْ كَفَّارَةَ مَا بَيْنَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ. قَالَ وَرَوَى غَيْرُهُ أَيْضاً فِيمَنْ قَرَأَهَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.

7. It is narrated through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Ayyub ibn Nuh from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one recites chapter 18 of the Holy Quran every Friday night, it serves as an expiation for the matters from this to the next Friday.’” The narrator of the Hadith has said that people other than him also have narrated about reciting this Chapter after the afternoon Salah (prayer) on Friday.” 

8ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يُبَكِّرُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ حِينَ تَكُونُ الشَّمْسُ قَدْرَ رُمْحٍ فَإِذَا كَانَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ يَكُونُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَكَانَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ لِجُمَعِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى جُمَعِ سَائِرِ الشُّهُورِ فَضْلاً كَفَضْلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى سَائِرِ الشُّهُورِ.

8. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn Salim from Ahmad ibn al-Nadr from ‘Amr ibn Shimr from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), would go to Masjid early Friday morning after sunrise when the sun would rise by about one spear’s length (above the horizon). In the month of Ramadan he would do so earlier and say, ‘The Fridays of the month of Ramadan have extra excellence over the Fridays of other months, just as the month of Ramadan has extra excellence over the other months.’” 

9ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ أَدْرَكَ الْجُمُعَةَ وَقَدِ ازْدَحَمَ النَّاسُ فَكَبَّرَ مَعَ الإِمَامِ وَرَكَعَ وَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى السُّجُودِ وَقَامَ الإِمَامُ وَالنَّاسُ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ وَقَامَ هَذَا مَعَهُمْ فَرَكَعَ الإِمَامُ وَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ هَذَا عَلَى الرُّكُوعِ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ مِنَ الزِّحَامِ وَقَدَرَ عَلَى السُّجُودِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَمَّا الرَّكْعَةُ الأولَى فَهِيَ إِلَى عِنْدِ الرُّكُوعِ تَامَّةٌ فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَسْجُدْ لَهَا حَتَّى دَخَلَ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا سَجَدَ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ إِنْ كَانَ نَوَى هَذِهِ السَّجْدَةَ الَّتِي هِيَ الرَّكْعَةُ الأولَى فَقَدْ تَمَّتْ لَهُ الأولَى وَإِذَا سَلَّمَ الإِمَامُ قَامَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ يَسْجُدُ فِيهَا ثُمَّ يَتَشَهَّدُ وَيُسَلِّمُ وَإِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يَنْوِ أَنْ تَكُونَ تِلْكَ السَّجْدَةُ لِلرَّكْعَةِ الأولَى لَمْ تُجْزِ عَنْهُ الأولَى وَلاَ الثَّانِيَةُ.

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Ali ibn Muhammad al-Qasaniy from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Sulayman ibn Dawud al-Minqariy from Hafs ibn al-Ghiyath who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘If a man attends Friday in a dense crowd when the Imam says Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) and performs Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees), this man also performs Ruku‘ but cannot perform Sajdah (prostration). The Imam and the people stand up for the second Rak‘at and he also stands up with them, then the Imam performs Ruku‘, but he cannot perform Ruku‘ in the second Rak‘at because of crowd but he performs Sajdah (prostration). What is he required to perform?’Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said that the first Rak‘at is complete in Ruku‘. He did not perform Sajdah (prostration) until the second Rak‘at, this he has missed. He has performed Sajdah (prostration) in the second Rak‘at; if he intended it to be the Sajdah (prostration) for the first Rak‘at, the first Rak‘at becomes complete for him, and when the Imam says Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace), he stands up to performs one Rak‘at. 

10ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قِيلَ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَزْعُمُ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ أَنَّ النُّورَةَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ مَكْرُوهَةٌ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ حَيْثُ ذَهَبَ أَيُّ طَهُورٍ أَطْهَرُ مِنَ النُّورَةِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ. 

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah in a marfu‘ manner saying: “Someone said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘Certain people consider applying Nurah (lime as hair cleaner) on Friday as undesirable.’ The Imam said, ‘It is not as they say. No other cleaner is a better cleaner on Friday than Nurah.’” (The following chapters are best explained by fatwa.) 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 4, Chapter 75