 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِذَا قُمْتَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ فَعَلَيْكَ بِالإِقْبَالِ عَلَى صَلاَتِكَ فَإِنَّمَا يُحْسَبُ لَكَ مِنْهَا مَا أَقْبَلْتَ عَلَيْهِ وَلاَ تَعْبَثْ فِيهَا بِيَدِكَ وَلاَ بِرَأْسِكَ وَلاَ بِلِحْيَتِكَ وَلاَ تُحَدِّثْ نَفْسَكَ وَلاَ تَتَثَاءَبْ وَلاَ تَتَمَطَّ وَلاَ تُكَفِّرْ فَإِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ الْمَجُوسُ وَلاَ تَلَثَّمْ وَلاَ تَحْتَفِزْ وَلاَ تَفَرَّجْ كَمَا يَتَفَرَّجُ الْبَعِيرُ وَلاَ تُقْعِ عَلَى قَدَمَيْكَ وَلاَ تَفْتَرِشْ ذِرَاعَيْكَ وَلاَ تُفَرْقِعْ أَصَابِعَكَ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ نُقْصَانٌ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ وَلاَ تَقُمْ إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ مُتَكَاسِلاً وَلاَ مُتَنَاعِساً وَلاَ مُتَثَاقِلاً فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ خِلاَلِ النِّفَاقِ فَإِنَّ الله سُبْحَانَهُ نَهَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْ يَقُومُوا إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ وَهُمْ سُكَارَى يَعْنِي سُكْرَ النَّوْمِ وَقَالَ لِلْمُنَافِقِينَ وَإِذا قامُوا إِلَى الصَّلاةِ قامُوا كُسالى‏ يُراؤُنَ النَّاسَ وَلا يَذْكُرُونَ الله إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘When you stand up for Salah (prayer) you should be prepared (attentive) for prayer; what will be counted in your favor of prayer will be only that in which you were attentive. You should not play during Salah (prayer) with your hands, head and beard, and do not speak in your soul. You should not yawn, stretch or fold your hands one over the other; this is what the Zoroastrians would do. You should not mask your face, feel urged (for urination), keep your feet far apart from each other like camels do, should not sit on your heels, place your arms flat on the ground, crack your fingers; anyone of such things causes a defect in Salah (prayer). You should not stand for Salah (prayer) in a lazy mode, slumbering or feeling burdened; each one of such things is of behaviors of hypocrites. Allah, the Most Glorious, has forbidden the believers to stand up for prayer in a lazy mode, that is, feeling sleepy. He has said about the hypocrites, “When they stand up for Salah (prayer) they do so in a lazy mode and just to show off to people and they do not speak of (remember) Allah but very little” (4:141).’” 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْفَارِسِيِّ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِنَّ الله كَرِهَ لَكُمْ أَيَّتُهَا الأمَّةُ أَرْبَعاً وَعِشْرِينَ خَصْلَةً وَنَهَاكُمْ عَنْهَا كَرِهَ لَكُمُ الْعَبَثَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Hassan ibn abu al-Hassan al-Farisiy from those who narrated to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Allah has made twenty-four things contemptible for you to do and has forbidden you to do them. Allah dislikes that you act as playful during Salah (prayer).’” 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا كُنْتَ دَخَلْتَ فِي صَلاَتِكَ فَعَلَيْكَ بِالتَّخَشُّعِ وَالإِقْبَالِ عَلَى صَلاَتِكَ فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلاتِهِمْ خاشِعُونَ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when you are in your Salah (prayer), you must be humble and attentive in it; Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, ‘Those who are humble during their Salah (prayer) (are of the true believers)’ (23:3).” 

4ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي جَهْمَةَ عَنْ جَهْمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ أَبِي (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِذَا قَامَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ كَأَنَّهُ سَاقُ شَجَرَةٍ لاَ يَتَحَرَّكُ مِنْهُ شَيْ‏ءٌ إِلاَّ مَا حَرَّكَهُ الرِّيحُ مِنْهُ.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and abu Dawud all from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Ali ibn abu Jahmah from Jahm ibn Hamid who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that his (Imam’s) father has said that when Ali ibn al- Husayn (a.s.), would stand up for Salah (prayer), he seemed like the trunk of a tree. Not anything of his body would move except what the wind would move.’” 

5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِذَا قَامَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ تَغَيَّرَ لَوْنُهُ فَإِذَا سَجَدَ لَمْ يَرْفَعْ رَأْسَهُ حَتَّى يَرْفَضَّ عَرَقاً.

5. Muhammad ibn Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Hammad ibn Isa from Rib‘i ibn ‘Abd Allah from al-Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.), would stand up for Salah (prayer), the color of his face change and in sajdah he remained so long until (his face) became drenched with perspiration (and tears).” 

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا اسْتَقْبَلْتَ الْقِبْلَةَ بِوَجْهِكَ فَلاَ تُقَلِّبْ وَجْهَكَ عَنِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَتَفْسُدَ صَلاَتُكَ فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَالَ لِنَبِيِّهِ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرامِ وَحَيْثُ ما كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ وَاخْشَعْ بِبَصَرِكَ وَلاَ تَرْفَعْهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَلْيَكُنْ حِذَاءَ وَجْهِكَ فِي مَوْضِعِ سُجُودِكَ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that when you face the direction of al-Qiblah (al-Ka’bah) you must not turn your face away from it; it destroys your Salah (prayer). Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said to His Holy prophet, O Allah grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, about the obligatory Salah (prayer). ’You must turn your face to the Masjid al-Haram (the Sacred Masjid). Wherever you are you must turn your faces toward it.’ (2:144) Your eyes must be cast down instead of being raised to the sky and your eye must remain before your face on the place for your Sujud (prostrations).’” 

7ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما الْسَّلام) أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَثَاءَبُ وَيَتَمَطَّى فِي الصَّلاَةِ قَالَ هُوَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَلاَ يَمْلِكُهُ.

7. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from al-Fudayl ibn Yasar from one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, who has said the following: “About a man’s yawning and stretching during Salah (prayer) the Imam (a.s.), has said, ’It comes from Satan over which he has no control (but one should control things that cause it to happen).”’ 

8ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ قَالَ كُنْتُ جَالِساً عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَسَأَلَهُ نَاجِيَةُ أَبُو حَبِيبٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَعَلَنِي الله فِدَاكَ إِنَّ لِي رَحًى أَطْحَنُ فِيهَا فَرُبَّمَا قُمْتُ فِي سَاعَةٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَأَعْرِفُ مِنَ الرَّحَى أَنَّ الْغُلاَمَ قَدْ نَامَ فَأَضْرِبُ الْحَائِطَ لأُوقِظَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَنْتَ فِي طَاعَةِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ تَطْلُبُ رِزْقَهُ.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from abu al- Walid who has said the following: “I was sitting in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when Najiyyah abu Habib asked the Imam saying, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, I have a flour-mill. During the night I wake up (for Salah (prayer)) and notice from the mill that the servant is gone to sleep. (Can) I then knock at the wall to wake him up?’ The Imam replied, ‘Yes, you are in the condition of obeying Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, when you are seeking to make a living.’” (Please consult a fatwa also.) 

9ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا قُمْتَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ فَلاَ تَعْبَثْ بِلِحْيَتِكَ وَلاَ بِرَأْسِكَ وَلاَ تَعْبَثْ بِالْحَصَى وَأَنْتَ تُصَلِّي إِلاَّ أَنْ تُسَوِّيَ حَيْثُ تَسْجُدُ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ بَأْسَ. 

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa in a marfu‘ manner who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when you stand up for Salah (prayer), you must not play with your beard, your head or with pebbles while you pray, except when you prepare (pebbles) as you are about to do sajdah in which case it is not an offense.” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 4, Chapter 16