 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ إِدْرِيسَ الْقُمِّيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَأْمُرُ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ فَيَرُدُّ نَفْسَ الْمُؤْمِنِ لِيُهَوِّنَ عَلَيْهِ وَيُخْرِجَهَا مِنْ أَحْسَنِ وَجْهِهَا فَيَقُولُ النَّاسُ لَقَدْ شَدَّدَ عَلَى فُلاَنٍ الْمَوْتُ وَذَلِكَ تَهْوِينٌ مِنَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ يُصْرَفُ عَنْهُ إِذَا كَانَ مِمَّنْ سَخِطَ الله عَلَيْهِ أَوْ مِمَّنْ أَبْغَضَ الله أَمْرَهُ أَنْ يَجْذِبَ الْجَذْبَةَ الَّتِي بَلَغَتْكُمْ بِمِثْلِ السَّفُّودِ مِنَ الصُّوفِ الْمَبْلُولِ فَيَقُولُ النَّاسُ لَقَدْ هَوَّنَ الله عَلَى فُلاَنٍ الْمَوْتَ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from Idris af-Qummiy who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, commands the angel of death to return the soul of a believing person, make it easy for him, and then take it out in the most comfortable way. People then say, “It (dying) was very difficult for so and so.” In fact it is the way Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, provides him comfort.’ He then said, ‘It (comfort) is denied him if he is of those with whom Allah is angry, or Allah dislikes him. He commands him (the angel) to pull out his soul just as frying-bar is pulled out of wool soaked in water and people say, “Allah has made dying very easy for him.’”” 

2ـ عَنْهُ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ وَهُوَ يَجُودُ بِنَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ ارْفُقْ بِصَاحِبِي فَإِنَّهُ مُؤْمِنٌ فَقَالَ أَبْشِرْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَإِنِّي بِكُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ رَفِيقٌ وَاعْلَمْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَنِّي أَقْبِضُ رُوحَ ابْنِ آدَمَ فَيَجْزَعُ أَهْلُهُ فَأَقُومُ فِي نَاحِيَةٍ مِنْ دَارِهِمْ فَأَقُولُ مَا هَذَا الْجَزَعُ فَوَ الله مَا تَعَجَّلْنَاهُ قَبْلَ أَجَلِهِ وَمَا كَانَ لَنَا فِي قَبْضِهِ مِنْ ذَنْبٍ فَإِنْ تَحْتَسِبُوا وَتَصْبِرُوا تُؤْجَرُوا وَإِنْ تَجْزَعُوا تَأْثَمُوا وَتُوزَرُوا وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ لَنَا فِيكُمْ عَوْدَةً ثُمَّ عَوْدَةً فَالْحَذَرَ الْحَذَرَ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي شَرْقِهَا وَلاَ فِي غَرْبِهَا أَهْلُ بَيْتِ مَدَرٍ وَلاَ وَبَرٍ إِلاَّ وَأَنَا أَتَصَفَّحُهُمْ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ وَلأَنَا أَعْلَمُ بِصَغِيرِهِمْ وَكَبِيرِهِمْ مِنْهُمْ بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَلَوْ أَرَدْتُ قَبْضَ رُوحِ بَعُوضَةٍ مَا قَدَرْتُ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى يَأْمُرَنِي رَبِّي بِهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِنَّمَا يَتَصَفَّحُهُمْ فِي مَوَاقِيتِ الصَّلاَةِ فَإِنْ كَانَ مِمَّنْ يُوَاظِبُ عَلَيْهَا عِنْدَ مَوَاقِيتِهَا لَقَّنَهُ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الله وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَنَحَّى عَنْهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ إِبْلِيسَ.

2. It is narrated from him (narrator of the above Hadith) from Yunus from al-Haytham ibn Waqid from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah once visited a man of his companions in dying condition. He then said, ‘O angel of death, make it easy for my companion; he is a believing person.’ He then said, ‘O Muhammad, I am a friend of every believing person. O Muhammad, please note that when I take away the soul of the sons of Adam, his family then cries and mourns. I stand on the side of their room and say, “What is this crying and mourning! By Allah, we have not done it before the due time and we have not done anything wrong. If you consider and bear patience, you will be rewarded but if you cry and howl, you sin and transgress. You should know that we come to you repeatedly; you should be on your guard and beware! There is no household in the East, West, urban, or countryside whose faces I do not study five times every day. I know their grownups and the young ones better than they themselves do. Even if I decide to take away the soul of a bug, I cannot do so without permission from its Lord.’” The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘He studies their faces at the times of Salah (prayer). If they observe proper times of performing their prayers, he dictates them the testimony of belief: “No one deserves to be worshipped except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah” and the angel of death drives Satan away from him.’” 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ حَضَرَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) رَجُلاً مِنَ الأنْصَارِ وَكَانَتْ لَهُ حَالَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَحَضَرَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى مَلَكِ الْمَوْتِ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) ارْفُقْ بِصَاحِبِي فَإِنَّهُ مُؤْمِنٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ يَا مُحَمَّدُ طِبْ نَفْساً وَقَرَّ عَيْناً فَإِنِّي بِكُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ رَفِيقٌ شَفِيقٌ وَاعْلَمْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنِّي لأَحْضُرُ ابْنَ آدَمَ عِنْدَ قَبْضِ رُوحِهِ فَإِذَا قَبَضْتُهُ صَرَخَ صَارِخٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَأَتَنَحَّى فِي جَانِبِ الدَّارِ وَمَعِي رُوحُهُ فَأَقُولُ لَهُمْ وَالله مَا ظَلَمْنَاهُ وَلاَ سَبَقْنَا بِهِ أَجَلَهُ وَلاَ اسْتَعْجَلْنَا بِهِ قَدَرَهُ وَمَا كَانَ لَنَا فِي قَبْضِ رُوحِهِ مِنْ ذَنْبٍ فَإِنْ تَرْضَوْا بِمَا صَنَعَ الله بِهِ وَتَصْبِرُوا تُؤْجَرُوا وَتُحْمَدُوا وَإِنْ تَجْزَعُوا وَتَسْخَطُوا تَأْثَمُوا وَتُوزَرُوا وَمَا لَكُمْ عِنْدَنَا مِنْ عُتْبَى وَإِنَّ لَنَا عِنْدَكُمْ أَيْضاً لَبَقِيَّةً وَعَوْدَةً فَالْحَذَرَ الْحَذَرَ فَمَا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ مَدَرٍ وَلاَ شَعْرٍ فِي بَرٍّ وَلاَ بَحْرٍ إِلاَّ وَأَنَا أَتَصَفَّحُهُمْ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ عِنْدَ مَوَاقِيتِ الصَّلاَةِ حَتَّى لأَنَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُمْ بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَلَوْ أَنِّي يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَرَدْتُ قَبْضَ نَفْسِ بَعُوضَةٍ مَا قَدَرْتُ عَلَى قَبْضِهَا حَتَّى يَكُونَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ هُوَ الآمِرَ بِقَبْضِهَا وَإِنِّي لَمُلَقِّنُ الْمُؤْمِنِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الله وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه). 

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from al-Mufaddal ibn Salih from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah once visited a man from Ansar (people of Madinah) and he was of a good status before the Messenger of Allah. He visited him in his dying condition and looked at the angel of death near his head. The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Be kind to my companion; he is a believing person.’ The angel of death then said, ‘O Muhammad, be pleased and delighted; I am a very kind friend of every believer. O Muhammad, please consider that I visit the sons of Adam in their dying conditions and when I take their souls away, their families cry at that time. I then move away to the side of the room, with his spirit with me, and say to them, “By Allah, we have not done any injustice to him or come before the due time or rushed his measures. It is not our fault. If you agree with what Allah has done to him and bear patience, you will be rewarded and admired. If you howl and become angry, you sin and transgress; and you will not have any credit with us. Our work about you is not yet finished. So be on your guard, and beware! There is no household in urban or countryside, on land or water whose faces I do not study five times every day at the time of Salah (prayer), so much so that I know them better than they themselves do. If I, O Muhammad, decide to take away the soul of a bug, I cannot do so without the command of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, to do so. I dictate to a believer the testimony of belief at the time of his death: “No one deserves to be worshipped except Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.’”” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 3, Chapter 14