Creation of Universe

Age of Ignorance, Household of Muhammad, hypocrites

Shaqshaqiya (literally, "roar of the camel"), in which Alī lays out his claim to the caliphate and his superiority over his predecessors

His far-sightedness and his steadfastness in Islam

When Abbas and Abu Sufyan offered to pay allegiance to him for the caliphate after Muhammad''s death

On being advised not to chase Talha and Zubayr for fighting

The hypocrites

About Zubayr at a time for which it was appropriate

Cowardice of his enemies in the Battle of the Camel

Talha and Zubayr

When he gave the standard of the Battle of the Camel to his son Mohammad

When, after his victory in the Battle of the Camel, one of his comrades said, "I wish my brother had been present and he too would have seen what success and victory God had given you"

Condemning the people of Basra

Also in condemnation of the people of Basra

After resuming the land grants made by Uthman

Delivered when the people of Madina swore allegiance to him

About those who sit for dispensation of justice among people but are not fit for it

In disparagement of contradictory views among Muslim jurists

Treachery and hypocrisy of al-Ashath al-Kindi

Death and taking lessons from it

Advice to keep light in this world

About those who accused him of killing Uthman

Keeping aloof from envy, and good behavior towards kin

Exhorting people for jihad

When his men were overpowered by Muawiya''s men

People after Muhammad''s death, the settlement between Muawiya and Amr ibn al-As

The transient nature of this world and importance of the next world

About those who found pretexts at the time of jihad

In connection with Uthman''s killing

Before the Battle of the Camel, he sent Ibn Abbas to Zubayr to advise him back to obedience

Disparagement of the world and categories of people

At the time of setting for the Battle of the Camel

Exhorting people to fight against the people of Syria

After arbitration

Warning the people of Nahrawan of their fate

His steadfastness and precedence in Islam

In disparagement of those in doubt

In disparagement of those who shrink from fighting

In response to the slogan of Kharijites: "Judgment belongs to God alone"

In condemnation of treason

Heart''s desires and hopes

In response to a suggestion of war

When Masqala defected to Syria

The greatness of God and the lowliness of this world

When he decided to march towards Syria

Calamities befalling Kufa

At the time of marching towards Syria

God''s greatness and sublimity

Admixture of right and wrong

When his men were prevented from taking water from the River Euphrates

Reward and punishment in the next world

On the description of the Day of Sacrifice

On the swear of allegiance

When his men showed impatience on his delay in giving them permission to fight in Siffin

Steadiness on the battlefield

Muawiya swallows whatever he gets and craves for what he does not get

Addressing the Kharijites

When he was told that the Kharijites had crossed the bridge of Nahrawan

When he was told that the Kharijites had been totally annihilated

Do not fight the Kharijites after me!

When he was warned of being killed by deceit

Transience of this world

Decline and destruction of this world

Attributes of God

Ways of fighting

On hearing the account of what took place in Saqifah of Bani-Sa''ida

When Mohammad ibn Abi Bakr, governor of Egypt, was overpowered and killed

Admonishing his companions for careless behavior

In the morning of the day he was fatally struck with a sword

In condemnation of the people of Iraq

Praise for Muhammad

When Hasan and Husayn interceded on behalf of Marwan

When the elective committee (or shura) decided to swear allegiance to Uthman

When he learned that the Umayyads blamed him for killing Uthman

Preaching and counseling

Banu Umayyad

One of his supplications

Prophecy of astrologers

Shortcomings of women

Way of preaching and counseling

World and its people

Al-Gharra (literally, "the brilliant"), in which Ali enjoined people to piety

Amr ibn al-As

Perfection of God and counseling

Preparing for the hereafter by following God''s commandments

Faithful and unfaithful believers

Factions of community

Holy Prophet

God''s attributes and some advice

Al-Ashbaah (literally, "the skeletons"), in which Ali talked about the creation of the universe

When people decided to swear allegiance to him after the murder of Uthman

Annihilation of the Kharijites, mischief mongering of the Umayyads, vastness of his own knowledge

God''s praise and eulogy of the prophets

Age of Ignorance and Muhammad''s efforts to disseminate God''s message

In eulogy of Muhammad

Admonishing his companions

Oppression of the Umayyads

Abstinence of the world and vicissitudes of time

Muhammad and his descendants

ومن وصية له (عليه السلام) للحسن والحسين (عليهما السلام) لما ضربه ابن ملجم لعنه الله

For Imām al-Ḥasan and Imām al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon them) when (‘Abd ar-Raḥmān) Ibn Muljam (the curse of Allāh be upon him) struck him (fatally with a sword).

أُوصِيكُمَا بِتَقْوَى اللهِ، وَأَلَّا تَبْغِيَا الدُّنْيَا وَإِنْ بَغَتْكُمَا، وَلَا تَأْسَفَا عَلَى شَيْ‏ءٍ مِنْهَا زُوِيَ عَنْكُمَا، وَقُولَا بِالْحَقِّ، وَاعْمَلَا لِلْأَجْرِ، وَكُونَا لِلظَّالِمِ خَصْماً، وَلِلْمَظْلُومِ عَوْناً.

I advise you (both) to fear Allāh and that you should not hanker after the (pleasures of this) world even though it may run after you. Do not be sorry for anything of this world that you have been denied. Speak the truth and act (in expectation) for reward. Be an enemy of the oppressor and helper of the oppressed.

أُوصِيكُمَا، وَجَمِيعَ وَلَدِي وَأَهْلِي وَمَنْ بَلَغَهُ كِتَابِي، بِتَقْوَى اللهِ، وَنَظْمِ أَمْرِكُمْ، وَصَلَاحِ ذَاتِ بَيْنِكُمْ، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ جَدَّكُمَا (صلى الله عليه وآله) يَقُولُ: «صَلَاحُ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ عَامَّةِ الصَّلَاةِ وَالصِّيَامِ».

I advise you (both) and all my children and members of my family and everyone whom my writing reaches, to fear Allāh, to keep your affairs in order, and to maintain good relations among yourselves for I have heard your Grandfather (the Holy Prophet – S) saying, “Improvement of mutual differences is better than general prayers and fastings.”

اللهَ اللهَ فِي الْأَيْتَامِ، فَلَا تُغِبُّوا أَفْوَاهَهُمْ، وَلَا يَضِيعُوا بِحَضْرَتِكُمْ.

(Fear) Allāh (and) keep Allāh in view in the matter of orphans. So do not allow them to starve and they should not be ruined in your presence.

وَاللهَ اللهَ فِي جِيرَانِكُمْ، فَإِنَّهُمْ وَصِيَّةُ نَبِيِّكُمْ، مَا زَالَ يُوصِي بِهِمْ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُوَرِّثُهُمْ.

(Fear) Allāh (and) keep Allāh in view in the matter of your neighbours, because they were the subject of the Prophet’s advice. He went on advising in their favour till we thought he would allow them a share in inheritance.

وَاللهَ اللهَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ، لَا يَسْبِقْكُمْ بِالْعَمَلِ بِهِ غَيْرُكُمْ.

(Fear) Allāh (and) keep Allāh in view in the matter of the Qur’ān. No one should excel you in acting upon it.

وَاللهَ اللهَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّهَا عَمُودُ دِينِكُمْ.

(Fear) Allāh (and) keep Allāh in view in the matter of prayer, because it is the pillar of your religion.

وَاللهَ اللهَ فِي بَيْتِ رَبِّكُمْ، لَا تُخْلُوهُ مَا بَقِيتُمْ، فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ تُرِكَ لَمْ تُنَاظَرُوا.

(Fear) Allāh (and) keep Allāh in view in the matter of your Lord’s House (Ka‘bah). Do not forsake it so long as you live, because if it is abandoned you will not be spared.

وَاللهَ اللهَ فِي الْجِهَادِ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنْفُسِكُمْ وَأَلْسِنَتِكُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ.

(Fear) Allāh (and) keep Allāh in view in the matter of jihād with the help of your property, lives and tongues in the way of Allāh.

وَعَلَيْكُمْ بِالتَّوَاصُلِ وَالتَّبَاذُلِ، وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالتَّدَابُرَ وَالتَّقَاطُعَ. لَا تَتْرُكُوا الْأَمْرَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ فَيُوَلَّى عَلَيْكُمْ أَشْرَارُكُمْ، ثُمَّ تَدْعُونَ فَلَا يُسْتَجَابُ لَكُمْ.

You should keep to a respect for kinship and spending for others. Avoid turning away from one another and severing mutual relations. Do not give up bidding for good and forbidding from evil lest the mischievous gain positions over you, and then if you will pray, the prayers will not be granted.

ثمّ قال: يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، لَا أُلْفِيَنَّكُمْ تَخُوضُونَ دِمَاءَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَوْضاً، تَقُولُونَ: قُتِلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. أَلَا لَا تَقْتُلُنَّ بِي إِلَّا قَاتِلِي.

Then he said: O’ sons of ‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib, certainly I do not wish to see you plunging harshly into the blood of Muslims shouting “Amīr al-mu’minīn has been killed.” Beware, do not kill on account of me except my killer.

انْظُرُوا إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ مِنْ ضَرْبَتِهِ هَذِهِ، فَاضْرِبُوهُ ضَرْبَةً بِضَرْبَةٍ، وَلَا يُمَثَّلُ [تُمَثِّلُوا] بِالرَّجُلِ، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) يَقُولُ : «إِيَّاكُمْ وَالْمُثْلَةَ وَلَوْ بَالْكَلْبِ الْعَقُورِ».

Wait till I die by his (Ibn Muljam’s) existing stroke. Then strike him one stroke for his stroke and do not dismember the limbs of the man, for I have heard the Messenger of Allah (s) saying, “Avoid cutting limbs even though it may be a rabid dog.”

Extrait de ses recommandations à ses deux fils Hassan et Hussein après que ïbn Maljam, qu’il soit maudit, l’eût frappé

Je vous recommande d être pieux envers Dieu, de ne pas demander la vie terrestre même si elle vous appelle et de ne regretter rien de ses attirances. Dîtes la vérité, œuvrez pour l’éternité et soyez les ennemis de l’injustice et une aide pour l’opprimé.

Je vous recommande, ainsi qu’a tous mes fils, de normaliser vos relations et de résoudre vos différends. Car j’ai entendu votre grand-père [Mouhammad] dire: «Trancher un différend est meilleur que la prière et le jeune»

Ayez grand soin des orphelins, pourvoyez toujours à leur nourriture et qu’ils ne se perdent pas en votre présence.

Prêtez une grande attention à vos voisins. Le Prophète nous les a tellement recommandés que nous avions cru qu’il allait leur donner une part de l’héritage.

Lisez continuellement le Coran et que personne d’autre ne vous devance dans son application.

Adonnez-vous à la prière: elle est le pilier de votre religion.

Fréquentez la maison de votre Seigneur, ne l’abandonnez point tant que vous viviez. Son abandon lésera votre dignité.

Luttez avec vos biens, vos âmes et vos paroles pour la cause de Dieu.

Liez-vous d’amitié les uns avec les autres, et échangez les dons entre vous. Gare à la dissension et la séparation! Ne vous lassez point d’ordonner le convenable et d’interdire le blâmable sous peine de tomber sous la domination des méchants et de voir vos invocations non exaucées.

O descendants de ’Abdul Muttalib! Je ne vous vois pas en train de verser le sang des musulmans en disant: «Le Prince des Croyants a été assassiné». Vous ne mettrez à mort que mon assassin.

Voyez! Si je meurs de son coup, rendez-lui coup pour coup, mais ne le mutilez point, car j’ai entendu l’Envoyé de Dieu dire: «Gare à la mutilation, même à l’encontre du chien enragé!».

Nahj al-Balāgha

Book 2, Chapter 47